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Žž8S£±<élÖÓdOFIaŽz…¹[®SGº<í!5?~„¯˜DÖ)áË“¦¶©xQ4É8¿Ù;ø[ìš#bw²E®„ft 0†sE™è 'Ú®±Ö‡5»áX² :Ž$h¨78Žê†ª çlévL‰€”ìÃeØ1{:öÏê*+5qaU¡y™.Q"Í|Ø¦ýöƒª}9*4M¬ÐÊŠX+¸Å+Œ<¯zþµ¸ŒeEGB=HÈñN”½¿±§>£îéÊPÉˆžnõÊÎ#F&°Iæ¾ª?íó³Eá_«¸~uÂüï(¾oû†F°beéÌœ†ÚÀôgù0C 2ÿB³(Ä4‘ÇÞ)SÜÔk€K j.%ËNM%RÌ8`@¡x/"UÓ˜îd1Ä@8Jß2ÅÁÄznW^6ªXæ‚&µ\wp‘ÇW‹â9ú1«ßVó¹ë¤Hn5¤FâBWõÞìñ„pËv•7\ý‚¤ŽˆDšKñ@zàÂ³ôøYú}p÷9Q9¼0c‘®^‚€@È3gn¹©‡x /jŠwÆVà{2R=/¨SåÎiBÇÝâ|Ûþrt×t1‰¶´AÉ‡åy‘c¼ ×iëZf\±yiÍµMYÄÎ4V—|7½&,´>e>}ÚÆýT-4Ô'kR²d‹x€Ô9"¥E`ð§lâæ(æn!ƒr? (%.02f cd/m^2) (f/%.01f) sec.%.02f EV%.2f EV%.2f mm%2.2f meters%2.2f mm%i (ms)%i bytes undefined data%i bytes unknown data%i bytes unknown data: %i bytes unsupported data type%u mm(Editor)(Photographer), -1/310 frames/sec10015 frames/sec2 Mpixel basic2 Mpixel fine2 Mpixel normal2 sec.2/320 frames/sec2002304x1728 or 2592x19442560x1920 or 2304x17282816x2212 or 2816x21122nd-curtain sync used2x2x2 matrix (clockwise)3008x2008 or 3040x20244004x5 frames/sec50800?A character string containing a comment about the image, encoded in UTF-16LE.A character string containing key words describing the image, encoded in UTF-16LE.A character string containing the name of the image creator, encoded in UTF-16LE.A character string giving the image subject, encoded in UTF-16LE.A character string giving the title of the image, encoded in UTF-16LE.A character string giving the title of the image. It may be a comment such as "1988 company picnic" or the like. Two-bytes character codes cannot be used. When a 2-bytes code is necessary, the Exif Private tag is to be used.A character string recording date and time information relative to UTC (Coordinated Universal Time). The format is "YYYY:MM:DD". The length of the string is 11 bytes including NULL.A character string recording the name of the GPS area. The first byte indicates the character code used, and this is followed by the name of the GPS area. Since the Type is not ASCII, NULL termination is not necessary.A character string recording the name of the method used for location finding. The first byte indicates the character code used, and this is followed by the name of the method. Since the Type is not ASCII, NULL termination is not necessary.A general indication of the kind of data contained in this subfile.A pointer to the Exif IFD. Interoperability, Exif IFD has the same structure as that of the IFD specified in TIFF. ordinarily, however, it does not contain image data as in the case of TIFF.A pointer to the GPS Info IFD. The Interoperability structure of the GPS Info IFD, like that of Exif IFD, has no image data.A tag for Exif users to write keywords or comments on the image besides those in , and without the character code limitations of the tag. The character code used in the tag is identified based on an ID code in a fixed 8-byte area at the start of the tag data area. The unused portion of the area is padded with NULL ("00.h"). ID codes are assigned by means of registration. The designation method and references for each character code are defined in the specification. The value of CountN is determined based on the 8 bytes in the character code area and the number of bytes in the user comment part. Since the TYPE is not ASCII, NULL termination is not necessary. The ID code for the area may be a Defined code such as JIS or ASCII, or may be Undefined. The Undefined name is UndefinedText, and the ID code is filled with 8 bytes of all "NULL" ("00.H"). An Exif reader that reads the tag must have a function for determining the ID code. This function is not required in Exif readers that do not use the tag. When a area is set aside, it is recommended that the ID code be ASCII and that the following user comment part be filled with blank characters [20.H].A tag for manufacturers of Exif writers to record any desired information. The contents are up to the manufacturer.A tag used to record fractions of seconds for the tag.A tag used to record fractions of seconds for the tag.A tag used to record fractions of seconds for the tag.A transfer function for the image, described in tabular style. Normally this tag is not necessary, since color space is specified in the color space information tag ().A-DEPA-TTLAE Bracket ValueAE BracketingAE InfoAE SettingAE goodAE lockAE lock + exposure compensationAF Focus PositionAF PointAF Point SelectedAF ResultAF non D lensAF position: bottomAF position: centerAF position: far leftAF position: far rightAF position: leftAF position: lower-leftAF position: lower-rightAF position: rightAF position: topAF position: upper-leftAF position: upper-rightAF-CAF-D G VR lensAF-D G lensAF-D VR lensAF-D or AF-S lensAF-SAI focus AFAI servo AFASCIIAVI+THMActionAdapterAdd, correct and remove entries to get EXIF data that follows the specification.Adjust exposureAdobe RGBAllAltitudeAltitude ReferenceApertureAperture ValueAperture priorityAperture priority AEAquariumArtistAutoAuto (100-400%)Auto AF PointAuto AF point selectionAuto BracketingAuto Exposure CheckAuto Focus CheckAuto ISOAuto RotateAuto bracketAuto exposureAuto highAuto white balanceAuto, did not fireAuto, did not fire, red-eye reductionAuto, firedAuto, fired, red-eye reductionAuto, red-eye reductionAuto-selectedAutofocus Points UsedAutomaticAutumnAv-priorityAverageAvgBBattery InfoBattery LevelBeachBearing of DestinationBestBestshot ModeBetterBits per SampleBlack & White ModeBlack & whiteBlack LevelBlack PointBlue BalanceBlur CheckBlur warningBottomBottom to topBottom-centerBottom-leftBottom-rightBracketingBright+Bright-BrightnessBrightness ValueBulb DurationByteByte at position %i: 0x%02xCCD Scan ModeCCD SensitivityCCS ISO SensitivityCFA PatternCMYKCR2CR2+JPEGCRW+THMCamera IDCamera InfoCamera TemperatureCamera TypeCandlelightCanon EF 100-300mm F5.6LCanon EF 100-400mm f/4.5-5.6L ISCanon EF 100-400mm f/4.5-5.6L IS + x1.4Canon EF 100-400mm f/4.5-5.6L IS + x2Canon EF 100mm f/2Canon EF 100mm f/2.8 MacroCanon EF 135mm f/2LCanon EF 15mm f/2.8Canon EF 16-35mm f/2.8LCanon EF 17-40mm f/4LCanon EF 180mm Macro f/3.5L or Sigma 180mm EX HSM Macro f/3.5Canon EF 20-35mm f/3.5-4.5 USMCanon EF 200mm f/1.8LCanon EF 200mm f/2.8LCanon EF 200mm f/2.8L IICanon EF 24-105mm f/4L ISCanon EF 24-70mm f/2.8LCanon EF 24-85mm f/3.5-4.5 USMCanon EF 24mm f/2.8 or Sigma 15mm f/2.8 EX FisheyeCanon EF 28-105mm f/3.5-4.5 USMCanon EF 28-105mm f/4-5.6Canon EF 28-135mm f/3.5-5.6 ISCanon EF 28-200mm f/3.5-5.6Canon EF 28-70mm f/2.8L or Sigma 24-70mm EX f/2.8Canon EF 28-80 f/3.5-5.6 USM IVCanon EF 28-80mm f/3.5-5.6Canon EF 28mm f/1.8 USMCanon EF 28mm f/2.8Canon EF 300mm f/2.8LCanon EF 300mm f/2.8L ISCanon EF 300mm f/4L ISCanon EF 35-350mm f/3.5-5.6LCanon EF 35-80mm f/4-5.6Canon EF 35mm f/1.4LCanon EF 35mm f/2Canon EF 400mm f/2.8LCanon EF 400mm f/2.8L + x2Canon EF 400mm f/4 DO ISCanon EF 500mm f/4.5LCanon EF 500mm f/4L ISCanon EF 50mm F1.2L USMCanon EF 50mm f/1.0LCanon EF 50mm f/1.4Canon EF 50mm f/1.8Canon EF 50mm f/1.8 MkIICanon EF 600mm f/4L ISCanon EF 70-200mm f/2.8 LCanon EF 70-200mm f/2.8 L + x1.4Canon EF 70-200mm f/2.8 L + x2Canon EF 70-200mm f/2.8L IS II USMCanon EF 70-200mm f/2.8L IS USMCanon EF 70-200mm f/2.8L IS USM + x1.4Canon EF 70-200mm f/2.8L IS USM + x2Canon EF 70-200mm f/4LCanon EF 70-200mm f/4L IS USMCanon EF 70-300mm F4-5.6 IS USMCanon EF 70-300mm f/4.5-5.6 DO IS USMCanon EF 75-300mm f/4-5.6Canon EF 75-300mm f/4-5.6 ISCanon EF 80-200mm f/2.8LCanon EF 85mm f/1.2LCanon EF 85mm f/1.8 USMCanon EF 90-300mm f/4.5-5.6Canon EF-S 17-85mm f4-5.6 IS USMCanon EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-4.5 USMCanon EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6Canon EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 IS IICanon EF-S10-22mm F3.5-4.5 USMCanon EF-S60mm F2.8 Macro USMCanon MP-E 65mm f/2.8 1-5x Macro PhotoCanon TS-E 24mm f/3.5LCanon TS-E 45mm f/2.8Canon TS-E 90mm f/2.8Capture Editor DataCapture Editor VersionCapture ModeCbCenterCenter-rightCenter-weightCenter-weighted averageCenteredCentimeterChromaticity SaturationChunky formatCieLABCloseClose viewCloudyCloudy weatherCo-sitedColorColor Adjustment ModeColor ControlColor InformationColor MatrixColor Matrix NumberColor ModeColor Mode (?)Color SpaceColor ToneColor accentColor sequential area sensorColor sequential linear sensorColor swapColorsCompactComponents ConfigurationCompressed Bits per PixelCompressionCompression RatioContinuousContinuous Sequence NumberContinuous TakingContinuous, highContinuous, lowContinuous, speed priorityContrastContrast CurveContrast SettingContrast+Contrast-ConverterCool white fluorescentCopyrightCopyright information. In this standard the tag is used to indicate both the photographer and editor copyrights. It is the copyright notice of the person or organization claiming rights to the image. The Interoperability copyright statement including date and rights should be written in this field; e.g., "Copyright, John Smith, 19xx. All rights reserved.". In this standard the field records both the photographer and editor copyrights, with each recorded in a separate part of the statement. When there is a clear distinction between the photographer and editor copyrights, these are to be written in the order of photographer followed by editor copyright, separated by NULL (in this case, since the statement also ends with a NULL, there are two NULL codes) (see example 1). When only the photographer is given, it is terminated by one NULL code (see example 2). When only the editor copyright is given, the photographer copyright part consists of one space followed by a terminating NULL code, then the editor copyright is given (see example 3). When the field is left blank, it is treated as unknown.Corrupt dataCosina 100mm f/3.5 Macro AFCrCreativeCreative program (biased toward depth of field)Creative program (biased toward fast shutter speed)CustomCustom 1Custom 2Custom FunctionsCustom RenderedCustom processD55D65D75DSCDark petData DumpDateDate and TimeDate and Time (Digitized)Date and Time (Original)Day white fluorescentDaylightDaylight SavingsDaylight fluorescentDebugging informationDebugging information is available.DefaultDefined by Adobe Corporation to enable TIFF Trees within a TIFF file.Deflate/ZIP compressionDestination CityDestination City CodeDestination DSTDestination Daylight Savings TimeDevelopment Dynamic Range Wide ModeDevice Setting DescriptionDigital ZoomDigital Zoom RatioDigital filterDigital filter?Digital macroDirection of MovementDirectly photographedDisplay ApertureDistance of photographed object in millimeters.Distance to DestinationDistantDistant viewDo not change maker noteDocument NameDoubleDrive ModeDynamic RangeDynamic Range Wide ModeE-TTLEOS high-endEOS mid-rangeEXIF header not found.EXIF marker not found.East or West LongitudeEasy Shooting ModeEasy shootingEconomyEncodes time zone of camera clock relative to GMT.EnhancementEpson Image HeightEpson Image WidthEpson Software VersionEvaluativeExif VersionExif Version %d.%dExposure BiasExposure Bracket ValueExposure CompensationExposure IndexExposure ModeExposure ProgramExposure TimeExposure compensationExposure time, given in seconds (sec).Exposurediff ?ExternalExternal 1External 2External 3External Flash BounceExternal Flash G ValueExternal Flash ModeExternal Flash ZoomExternal flashF-B&WF-ChromeF-NumberF-StandardF0/StandardF1/Studio portraitF1a/Professional portraitF1b/Professional portraitF1c/Professional portraitF2/FujichromeF3/Studio portrait ExF4/VelviaFP sync enabledFP sync usedFaithfulFar rangeFastFast shutterFile SourceFillFill OrderFilm Simulation ModeFilm simulation modeFineFine weatherFine, HQFine, RAWFine, SHQFine, SQFine, SQ1Fine, SQ2Fine, super highFinePix ColorFinerFireworksFirmware VersionFisheye onFixedFixed centerFlashFlash ActivityFlash Charge LevelFlash DetailsFlash DeviceFlash DistanceFlash EnergyFlash Exposure Bracket ValueFlash Exposure CompFlash Exposure CompensationFlash Firing Strength CompensationFlash Guide NumberFlash InfoFlash ModeFlash SettingFlash UsedFlash did not fireFlash did not fire, auto modeFlash did not fire, auto mode, red-eye reduction modeFlash did not fire, compulsory flash modeFlash firedFlash fired, auto modeFlash fired, auto mode, red-eye reduction modeFlash fired, auto mode, return light detectedFlash fired, auto mode, return light detected, red-eye reduction modeFlash fired, auto mode, return light not detectedFlash fired, auto mode, return light not detected, red-eye reduction modeFlash fired, compulsory flash modeFlash fired, compulsory flash mode, red-eye reduction modeFlash fired, compulsory flash mode, red-eye reduction mode, return light detectedFlash fired, compulsory flash mode, red-eye reduction mode, return light not detectedFlash fired, compulsory flash mode, return light detectedFlash fired, compulsory flash mode, return light not detectedFlash fired, red-eye reduction modeFlash fired, red-eye reduction mode, return light detectedFlash fired, red-eye reduction mode, return light not detectedFlash is externalFlash is on cameraFlash offFlash onFlash unit unknownFlashPix Version 1.0FlashPix Version 1.01Flicker ReduceFloatFlowerFluorescenceFluorescentFocal LengthFocal Length in 35mm FilmFocal Plane DiagonalFocal Plane Resolution UnitFocal Plane X SizeFocal Plane X-ResolutionFocal Plane Y SizeFocal Plane Y-ResolutionFocal TypeFocal Units per mmFocusFocus Distance LowerFocus Distance UpperFocus ModeFocus PointFocus PositionFocus RangeFocus Step CountFocus goodFocusing ModeFoliageFollow specificationFoodFor each strip, the byte offset of that strip. It is recommended that this be selected so the number of strip bytes does not exceed 64 Kbytes. With JPEG compressed data this designation is not needed and is omitted. See also and .Frame NumberFrame compositeFullFull autoGGPS DateGPS Differential CorrectionGPS Image DirectionGPS Image Direction ReferenceGPS Info IFD PointerGPS Measurement ModeGPS Receiver StatusGPS SatellitesGPS Tag VersionGPS Time (Atomic Clock)Gain ControlGammaGeodetic Survey Data UsedGoodGrayscaleGreen modeHardHardestHighHigh gain downHigh gain upHigh saturationHighestHome Daylight Savings TimeHometown CityHometown City CodeHometown DSTHue AdjustmentISOISO 100ISO 160ISO 200ISO 320ISO 3200ISO 400ISO 50ISO 80ISO NumberISO SelectionISO SettingISO SpeedISO Speed RatingsISO ValueISO studio tungstenIgnore unknown tagsIgnore unknown tags when loading EXIF data.IllustrationsImage AdjustmentImage Area OffsetImage BoundaryImage Data SizeImage DescriptionImage LengthImage NumberImage ProcessingImage Resources BlockImage SharpeningImage SizeImage StabilizationImage ToneImage TypeImage Unique IDImage WidthIncandescenceIncandescentInchIndicates the GPS DOP (data degree of precision). An HDOP value is written during two-dimensional measurement, and PDOP during three-dimensional measurement.Indicates the GPS measurement mode. '2' means two-dimensional measurement and '3' means three-dimensional measurement is in progress.Indicates the GPS satellites used for measurements. This tag can be used to describe the number of satellites, their ID number, angle of elevation, azimuth, SNR and other information in ASCII notation. The format is not specified. If the GPS receiver is incapable of taking measurements, value of the tag shall be set to NULL.Indicates the ISO Speed and ISO Latitude of the camera or input device as specified in ISO 12232.Indicates the Opto-Electronic Conversion Function (OECF) specified in ISO 14524. is the relationship between the camera optical input and the image values.Indicates the altitude based on the reference in GPSAltitudeRef. Altitude is expressed as one RATIONAL value. The reference unit is meters.Indicates the altitude used as the reference altitude. If the reference is sea level and the altitude is above sea level, 0 is given. If the altitude is below sea level, a value of 1 is given and the altitude is indicated as an absolute value in the GPSAltitude tag. The reference unit is meters. Note that this tag is BYTE type, unlike other reference tags.Indicates the bearing to the destination point. The range of values is from 0.00 to 359.99.Indicates the color filter array (CFA) geometric pattern of the image sensor when a one-chip color area sensor is used. It does not apply to all sensing methods.Indicates the direction of GPS receiver movement. The range of values is from 0.00 to 359.99.Indicates the direction of the image when it was captured. The range of values is from 0.00 to 359.99.Indicates the distance to the destination point.Indicates the exposure index selected on the camera or input device at the time the image is captured.Indicates the geodetic survey data used by the GPS receiver. If the survey data is restricted to Japan, the value of this tag is 'TOKYO' or 'WGS-84'. If a GPS Info tag is recorded, it is strongly recommended that this tag be recorded.Indicates the identification of the Interoperability rule. Use "R98" for stating ExifR98 Rules. Four bytes used including the termination code (NULL). see the separate volume of Recommended Exif Interoperability Rules (ExifR98) for other tags used for ExifR98.Indicates the image sensor type on the camera or input device.Indicates the image source. If a DSC recorded the image, the tag value of this tag always be set to 3, indicating that the image was recorded on a DSC.Indicates the latitude of the destination point. The latitude is expressed as three RATIONAL values giving the degrees, minutes, and seconds, respectively. If latitude is expressed as degrees, minutes and seconds, a typical format would be dd/1,mm/1,ss/1. When degrees and minutes are used and, for example, fractions of minutes are given up to two decimal places, the format would be dd/1,mmmm/100,0/1.Indicates the latitude. The latitude is expressed as three RATIONAL values giving the degrees, minutes, and seconds, respectively. When degrees, minutes and seconds are expressed, the format is dd/1,mm/1,ss/1. When degrees and minutes are used and, for example, fractions of minutes are given up to two decimal places, the format is dd/1,mmmm/100,0/1.Indicates the location of the main subject in the scene. The value of this tag represents the pixel at the center of the main subject relative to the left edge, prior to rotation processing as per the tag. The first value indicates the X column number and the second indicates the Y row number.Indicates the longitude of the destination point. The longitude is expressed as three RATIONAL values giving the degrees, minutes, and seconds, respectively. If longitude is expressed as degrees, minutes and seconds, a typical format would be ddd/1,mm/1,ss/1. When degrees and minutes are used and, for example, fractions of minutes are given up to two decimal places, the format would be ddd/1,mmmm/100,0/1.Indicates the longitude. The longitude is expressed as three RATIONAL values giving the degrees, minutes, and seconds, respectively. When degrees, minutes and seconds are expressed, the format is ddd/1,mm/1,ss/1. When degrees and minutes are used and, for example, fractions of minutes are given up to two decimal places, the format is ddd/1,mmmm/100,0/1.Indicates the number of pixels in the image height (V) direction per on the camera focal plane.Indicates the number of pixels in the image width (X) direction per on the camera focal plane.Indicates the reference for giving the direction of GPS receiver movement. 'T' denotes true direction and 'M' is magnetic direction.Indicates the reference for giving the direction of the image when it is captured. 'T' denotes true direction and 'M' is magnetic direction.Indicates the reference used for giving the bearing to the destination point. 'T' denotes true direction and 'M' is magnetic direction.Indicates the spectral sensitivity of each channel of the camera used. The tag value is an ASCII string compatible with the standard developed by the ASTM Technical Committee.Indicates the speed of GPS receiver movement.Indicates the status of the GPS receiver when the image is recorded. 'A' means measurement is in progress, and 'V' means the measurement is Interoperability.Indicates the strobe energy at the time the image is captured, as measured in Beam Candle Power Seconds (BCPS).Indicates the time as UTC (Coordinated Universal Time). TimeStamp is expressed as three RATIONAL values giving the hour, minute, and second.Indicates the type of scene. If a DSC recorded the image, this tag value must always be set to 1, indicating that the image was directly photographed.Indicates the unit for measuring and . This value is the same as the .Indicates the unit used to express the GPS receiver speed of movement. 'K', 'M' and 'N' represent kilometers per hour, miles per hour, and knots.Indicates the unit used to express the distance to the destination point. 'K', 'M' and 'N' represent kilometers, miles and nautical miles.Indicates the value of coefficient gamma.Indicates the version of . The version is given as 2.0.0.0. This tag is mandatory when tag is present. (Note: The tag is given in bytes, unlike the tag. When the version is 2.0.0.0, the tag value is 02000000.H).Indicates whether differential correction is applied to the GPS receiver.Indicates whether pixel components are recorded in a chunky or planar format. In JPEG compressed files a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag. If this field does not exist, the TIFF default of 1 (chunky) is assumed.Indicates whether the latitude is north or south latitude. The ASCII value 'N' indicates north latitude, and 'S' is south latitude.Indicates whether the latitude of the destination point is north or south latitude. The ASCII value 'N' indicates north latitude, and 'S' is south latitude.Indicates whether the longitude is east or west longitude. ASCII 'E' indicates east longitude, and 'W' is west longitude.Indicates whether the longitude of the destination point is east or west longitude. ASCII 'E' indicates east longitude, and 'W' is west longitude.IndoorInfiniteInfinityInfinity Lens StepInfoInformation specific to compressed data. The channels of each component are arranged in order from the 1st component to the 4th. For uncompressed data the data arrangement is given in the tag. However, since can only express the order of Y, Cb and Cr, this tag is provided for cases when compressed data uses components other than Y, Cb, and Cr and to enable support of other sequences.Information specific to compressed data. The compression mode used for a compressed image is indicated in unit bits per pixel.Information specific to compressed data. When a compressed file is recorded, the valid height of the meaningful image must be recorded in this tag, whether or not there is padding data or a restart marker. This tag should not exist in an uncompressed file. Since data padding is unnecessary in the vertical direction, the number of lines recorded in this valid image height tag will in fact be the same as that recorded in the SOF.Information specific to compressed data. When a compressed file is recorded, the valid width of the meaningful image must be recorded in this tag, whether or not there is padding data or a restart marker. This tag should not exist in an uncompressed file.IntelInterlacedInternalInternal + externalInternal Flash TableInternal error (unknown value %hi)Internal error (unknown value %i)Interoperability IFD PointerInteroperability IFD is composed of tags which stores the information to ensure the Interoperability and pointed by the following tag located in Exif IFD. The Interoperability structure of Interoperability IFD is the same as TIFF defined IFD structure but does not contain the image data characteristically compared with normal TIFF IFD.Interoperability IndexInteroperability VersionInvalid format '%s', expected '%s' or '%s'.Invalid format '%s', expected '%s'.Invalid number of components (%i, expected %i or %i).Invalid number of components (%i, expected %i).Invalid size of entry (%i, expected %li x %i).JPEGJPEG Interchange FormatJPEG Interchange Format LengthJPEG compressionKids & petsLZW compressionLampLandscapeLandscape mode (for landscape photos with the background in focus)LargeLatitudeLatitude of DestinationLeftLeft to rightLeft-bottomLeft-centerLeft-rightLeft-topLensLens Distortion ParametersLens F StopsLens InfoLens TemperatureLens TypeLight ConditionLight SourceLight Source SpecialLight TypeLight Value CenterLight Value PeripheryLight petLongLong Focal Length of LensLong shutterLongitudeLongitude of DestinationLowLow gain downLow gain upLow saturationLower-leftLower-rightLowestM-DEPMacroMacro ModeMaker NoteMaker Note VersionManualManual AF point selectionManual Flash OutputManual Focus DistanceManual exposureManual focusManual temperature (Kelvin)Manual white balanceManual: %liKManual: unknownManufacturerMaximal ApertureMaximum Aperture ValueMaximum Aperture at Maximum FocalMaximum Aperture at Minimum FocalMaximum Focal LengthMeasured EVMeasurement PrecisionMediumMedium 1Medium 2Medium 3Medium hardMedium highMedium lowMedium petMedium softMetering ModeMid-leftMid-rightMiddle rangeMinimal ApertureMinimum Focal LengthModelModel IdentificationMonochromeMotorolaMovieMulti spotMulti-exposureMultipleMuseumMy color dataMy colorsN/AND FilterNP & flashName of GPS AreaName of GPS Processing MethodNatural photoNatural skin toneNear Lens StepNeutralNew Subfile TypeNightNight sceneNight snapshotNoNo AENo blurNo fisheyeNo flashNo flash functionNo manual focus selectionNoise ReductionNoneNone (MF)NormalNormal AENormal focusNormal monoNormal processNormal programNormal, HQNormal, RAWNormal, SHQNormal, SQNormal, SQ1Normal, SQ2Normal, standardNormal, super highNorth or South LatitudeNot definedNot enough memoryNot knownObject DistanceOffOffset of the preview image directory (IFD) inside the file.Olympus Image HeightOlympus Image WidthOnOn (Preset)On (shot 1)On (shot 2)On (shot 3)On, red-eye reductionOn, shot onlyOn, slow-syncOn, slow-sync, red-eye reductionOn, softOn, trailing-curtain syncOn, wirelessOne Touch White BalanceOne-chip color area sensorOne-shot AFOne-touchOptical ZoomOptimize ImageOpto-Electronic Conversion FunctionOrder NumberOrientationOriginalOtherOut of focusOver exposedOwner NamePC set 1PC set 2PC set 3PRINT Image MatchingPackBits compressionPaddingPalettePan focusPanoramaPanorama DirectionPanorama FramePartialPartyPatternPhoto EffectPhotometric InterpretationPicture ModePicture Mode (2)Picture StylePixel X DimensionPixel Y DimensionPlanar ConfigurationPlanar formatPortraitPortrait mode (for closeup photos with the background out of focus)PostcardPrecapture FramesPresetPress start, press stopPreview Image IFDPreview Image ValidPreview LengthPreview SizePreview StartPrimary ChromaticitiesPrintIM SettingsProgramProgram AEProgressiveQualityQuality LevelQuick ShotRRAWRGBRationalRaw Image SizeRecord ModeRecord Shutter ReleaseRecord while downRed BalanceRed Correction %f, blue Correction %fRed-eye reductionReference Black/WhiteReference For Latitude of DestinationReference for Bearing of DestinationReference for Distance to DestinationReference for Longitude of DestinationReference for direction of movementRelated Sound FileRelated to Epson's PRINT Image Matching technologyResavedReservedResolution UnitReversed monoRightRight to leftRight-bottomRight-topRotate 180Rotate 270 CWRotate 90 CWRotated by softwareRows per StripSByteSLongSRationalSShortSXGA basicSXGA fineSXGA normalSamples per PixelSaturationScene Capture TypeScene DetectScene SelectScene TypeSea levelSea level referenceSelf portraitSelf-timerSensing MethodSensor Pixel SizeSensor TemperatureSepiaSequence NumberSequence Shot IntervalSequential ShotSerial NumberSet 1Set 2Set 3Settings (First Part)Settings (Second Part)ShadeShake Reduction InfoSharpnessSharpness FactorSharpness FrequencySharpness SettingShortShort Focal Length of LensShot ISOShutterShutter SpeedShutter priorityShutter priority AEShutter speed. The unit is the APEX (Additive System of Photographic Exposure) setting.Sigma 10-20mm F4-5.6 or 12-24mm f/4.5-5.6 or 14mm f/2.8Sigma 15-30mm f/3.5-4.5 EX DG AsphericalSigma 17-35mm f2.8-4 EX Aspherical HSMSigma 20mm EX f/1.8Sigma 50mm f/2.8 EX or 28mm f/1.8Sigma UC Zoom 35-135mm f/4-5.6SingleSize of compressed image data in bytes.Size of data too small to allow for EXIF data.Slow ShutterSlow Synchro ModeSlow shutterSlow synchroSmallSmoothSnowSoftSoftestSoftwareSpatial Frequency ResponseSpectral SensitivitySpeed UnitSpeed of GPS ReceiverSpeed/Sequence/Panorama DirectionSpeedLightSportSportsSpotSpot focusStandardStandard (100%)Standard light AStandard light BStandard light CStill imageStrip Byte CountStrip OffsetsStrobe return light detectedStrobe return light not detectedSub-second TimeSub-second Time (Digitized)Sub-second Time (Original)Subject AreaSubject DistanceSubject Distance RangeSubject LocationSunnySunsetSunset or candlelightSuper fine, HQSuper fine, RAWSuper fine, SHQSuper fine, SQSuper fine, SQ1Super fine, SQ2Super fine, highSuper fine, super highSuper macroSuperfineSurf & snowSynchro sound recordTIFTIF+JPEGTIFFTIFF/EP Standard IDTTLTVTag '%s' is of format '%s' (which is against specification) but cannot be changed to format '%s'.Tag '%s' was of format '%s' (which is against specification) and has been changed to format '%s'.Tag 'UserComment' did not start with a format identifier. This has been fixed.Tag 'UserComment' had invalid format '%s'. Format has been set to 'undefined'.Tag 'UserComment' has been expanded to at least 8 bytes in order to follow the specification.Tag 'UserComment' is not empty but does not start with a format identifier. This has been fixed.Tag UserComment contains data but is against specification.Tamron AF Aspherical 28-200mm f/3.8-5.6Tamron SP AF 300mm f/2.8 LD IFTarget ApertureTarget Exposure TimeTextThe F number.The FlashPix format version supported by a FPXR file.The actual focal length of the lens, in mm. Conversion is not made to the focal length of a 35 mm film camera.The chromaticity of the three primary colors of the image. Normally this tag is not necessary, since color space is specified in the color space information tag ().The chromaticity of the white point of the image. Normally this tag is not necessary, since color space is specified in the color space information tag ().The class of the program used by the camera to set exposure when the picture is taken.The color space information tag is always recorded as the color space specifier. Normally sRGB (=1) is used to define the color space based on the PC monitor conditions and environment. If a color space other than sRGB is used, Uncalibrated (=FFFF.H) is set. Image data recorded as Uncalibrated can be treated as sRGB when it is converted to FlashPix.The compression scheme used for the image data. When a primary image is JPEG compressed, this designation is not necessary and is omitted. When thumbnails use JPEG compression, this tag value is set to 6.The data provided does not follow the specification.The data supplied does not seem to contain EXIF data.The date and time of image creation. In this standard (EXIF-2.1) it is the date and time the file was changed.The date and time when the image was stored as digital data.The date and time when the original image data was generated. For a digital still camera the date and time the picture was taken are recorded.The distance to the subject, given in meters.The exposure bias. The units is the APEX value. Ordinarily it is given in the range of -99.99 to 99.99.The file '%s' could not be opened.The image orientation viewed in terms of rows and columns.The kind of light source.The lens aperture. The unit is the APEX value.The manufacturer of the recording equipment. This is the manufacturer of the DSC, scanner, video digitizer or other equipment that generated the image. When the field is left blank, it is treated as unknown.The matrix coefficients for transformation from RGB to YCbCr image data. No default is given in TIFF; but here the value given in "Color Space Guidelines", is used as the default. The color space is declared in a color space information tag, with the default being the value that gives the optimal image characteristics Interoperability this condition.The metering mode.The model name or model number of the equipment. This is the model name or number of the DSC, scanner, video digitizer or other equipment that generated the image. When the field is left blank, it is treated as unknown.The number of bits per image component. In this standard each component of the image is 8 bits, so the value for this tag is 8. See also . In JPEG compressed data a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag.The number of bytes of JPEG compressed thumbnail data. This is not used for primary image JPEG data. JPEG thumbnails are not divided but are recorded as a continuous JPEG bitstream from SOI to EOI. Appn and COM markers should not be recorded. Compressed thumbnails must be recorded in no more than 64 Kbytes, including all other data to be recorded in APP1.The number of columns of image data, equal to the number of pixels per row. In JPEG compressed data a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag.The number of components per pixel. Since this standard applies to RGB and YCbCr images, the value set for this tag is 3. In JPEG compressed data a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag.The number of pixels per in the direction. The same value as is designated.The number of pixels per in the direction. When the image resolution is unknown, 72 [dpi] is designated.The number of rows of image data. In JPEG compressed data a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag.The number of rows per strip. This is the number of rows in the image of one strip when an image is divided into strips. With JPEG compressed data this designation is not needed and is omitted. See also and .The offset to the start byte (SOI) of JPEG compressed thumbnail data. This is not used for primary image JPEG data.The pixel composition. In JPEG compressed data a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag.The position of chrominance components in relation to the luminance component. This field is designated only for JPEG compressed data or uncompressed YCbCr data. The TIFF default is 1 (centered); but when Y:Cb:Cr = 4:2:2 it is recommended in this standard that 2 (co-sited) be used to record data, in order to improve the image quality when viewed on TV systems. When this field does not exist, the reader shall assume the TIFF default. In the case of Y:Cb:Cr = 4:2:0, the TIFF default (centered) is recommended. If the reader does not have the capability of supporting both kinds of , it shall follow the TIFF default regardless of the value in this field. It is preferable that readers be able to support both centered and co-sited positioning.The reference black point value and reference white point value. No defaults are given in TIFF, but the values below are given as defaults here. The color space is declared in a color space information tag, with the default being the value that gives the optimal image characteristics Interoperability these conditions.The sampling ratio of chrominance components in relation to the luminance component. In JPEG compressed data a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag.The smallest F number of the lens. The unit is the APEX value. Ordinarily it is given in the range of 00.00 to 99.99, but it is not limited to this range.The system cannot provide enough memory.The tag '%s' contains an invalid number of components (%i, expected %i).The tag '%s' contains data of an invalid format ('%s', expected '%s').The total number of bytes in each strip. With JPEG compressed data this designation is not needed and is omitted.The unit for measuring and . The same unit is used for both and . If the image resolution is unknown, 2 (inches) is designated.The value of brightness. The unit is the APEX value. Ordinarily it is given in the range of -99.99 to 99.99.The version of this standard supported. Nonexistence of this field is taken to mean nonconformance to the standard.This number is unique and based on the date of manufacture.This tag indicates an identifier assigned uniquely to each image. It is recorded as an ASCII string equivalent to hexadecimal notation and 128-bit fixed length.This tag indicates information on the picture-taking conditions of a particular camera model. The tag is used only to indicate the picture-taking conditions in the reader.This tag indicates the degree of overall image gain adjustment.This tag indicates the digital zoom ratio when the image was shot. If the numerator of the recorded value is 0, this indicates that digital zoom was not used.This tag indicates the direction of contrast processing applied by the camera when the image was shot.This tag indicates the direction of saturation processing applied by the camera when the image was shot.This tag indicates the direction of sharpness processing applied by the camera when the image was shot.This tag indicates the distance to the subject.This tag indicates the equivalent focal length assuming a 35mm film camera, in mm. A value of 0 means the focal length is unknown. Note that this tag differs from the FocalLength tag.This tag indicates the exposure mode set when the image was shot. In auto-bracketing mode, the camera shoots a series of frames of the same scene at different exposure settings.This tag indicates the location and area of the main subject in the overall scene.This tag indicates the type of scene that was shot. It can also be used to record the mode in which the image was shot. Note that this differs from the scene type tag.This tag indicates the use of special processing on image data, such as rendering geared to output. When special processing is performed, the reader is expected to disable or minimize any further processing.This tag indicates the white balance mode set when the image was shot.This tag is recorded when an image is taken using a strobe light (flash).This tag is used to record the name of an audio file related to the image data. The only relational information recorded here is the Exif audio file name and extension (an ASCII string consisting of 8 characters + '.' + 3 characters). The path is not recorded. Stipulations on audio and file naming conventions are defined in the specification. When using this tag, audio files must be recorded in conformance to the Exif audio format. Writers are also allowed to store the data such as Audio within APP2 as FlashPix extension stream data. The mapping of Exif image files and audio files is done in any of three ways, [1], [2] and [3]. If multiple files are mapped to one file as in [2] or [3], the above format is used to record just one audio file name. If there are multiple audio files, the first recorded file is given. In the case of [3], for example, for the Exif image file "DSC00001.JPG" only "SND00001.WAV" is given as the related Exif audio file. When there are three Exif audio files "SND00001.WAV", "SND00002.WAV" and "SND00003.WAV", the Exif image file name for each of them, "DSC00001.JPG", is indicated. By combining multiple relational information, a variety of playback possibilities can be supported. The method of using relational information is left to the implementation on the playback side. Since this information is an ASCII character string, it is terminated by NULL. When this tag is used to map audio files, the relation of the audio file to image data must also be indicated on the audio file end.This tag records the camera or input device spatial frequency table and SFR values in the direction of image width, image height, and diagonal direction, as specified in ISO 12233.This tag records the name and version of the software or firmware of the camera or image input device used to generate the image. The detailed format is not specified, but it is recommended that the example shown below be followed. When the field is left blank, it is treated as unknown.This tag records the name of the camera owner, photographer or image creator. The detailed format is not specified, but it is recommended that the information be written as in the example below for ease of Interoperability. When the field is left blank, it is treated as unknown.This tag reserves space that can be reclaimed later when additional metadata are added. New metadata can be written in place by replacing this tag with a smaller data element and using the reclaimed space to store the new or expanded metadata tags.Three-chip color area sensorThumbnail ImageTimeTime ZoneTime Zone OffsetTokina AF193-2 19-35mm f/3.5-4.5Tokina AT-X280AF PRO 28-80mm F2.8 AsphericalTone CompensationTone CurveTopTop to bottomTop-centerTop-leftTop-rightTotal Number of Pictures TakenTransfer FunctionTransfer RangeTrilinear sensorTungstenTungsten incandescent lightTv-priorityTwo-chip color area sensorUncalibratedUncompressedUndefinedUnderwaterUnexpected number of components (%li, expected 2, 3, or 4).UnknownUnknown %huUnknown AF positionUnknown Exif VersionUnknown FlashPix VersionUnknown encoding.Unknown value %hiUnknown value %iUnsupported JIS stringUnsupported UNICODE stringUpper-leftUpper-rightUser 1User 2User CommentUser def. 1User def. 2User def. 3User selectedVGA basicVGA fineVGA normalVari ProgramVery closeVibration reductionVividVoice MemoWhen loading and resaving Exif data, save the maker note unmodified. Be aware that the maker note can get corrupted.White BalanceWhite Balance BiasWhite Balance BracketWhite Balance Fine AdjustmentWhite Balance ModeWhite Balance RBWhite Balance SettingWhite BoardWhite PointWhite fluorescentWideWide RangeWide1 (230%)Wide2 (400%)WidescreenWith strobeWithin distance %i of (x,y) = (%i,%i)Within rectangle (width %i, height %i) around (x,y) = (%i,%i)Without strobeWorld Time LocationX-ResolutionXML PacketXMP MetadataXP AuthorXP CommentXP KeywordsXP SubjectXP TitleYY-ResolutionYCbCrYCbCr CoefficientsYCbCr PositioningYCbCr Sub-SamplingYCbCr4:2:0YCbCr4:2:2YesZoomZoom Source WidthZoom Step CountZoom Target Width[DO_NOT_TRANSLATE_THIS_MARKER][None]cminsRGBProject-Id-Version: libexif 0.6.22-pre1 Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: libexif-devel@lists.sourceforge.net PO-Revision-Date: 2016-09-03 08:58+0700 Last-Translator: Tráº§n Ngá»c QuÃ¢n Language-Team: Vietnamese Language: vi_VN MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Bugs: Report translation errors to the Language-Team address. Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0; X-Generator: Gtranslator 2.91.7 X-Poedit-SourceCharset: utf-8 (%.02f cd/mÂ²) (f/%.01f) giÃ¢y%.02f EV%.2f EV%.2f mm%2.2f mÃ©t%2.2f mm%i (miligiÃ¢y)%i byte dá»¯ liá»‡u khÃ´ng rÃµ%i byte dá»¯ liá»‡u láº¡%i byte dá»¯ liá»‡u khÃ´ng rÃµ: %i byte kiá»ƒu dá»¯ liá»‡u khÃ´ng Ä‘Æ°á»£c há»— trá»£%u mm(NgÆ°á»i sá»a)(Nhiáº¿p áº£nh gia), -1/310 khung/giÃ¢y10015 khung/giÃ¢y2 MP cÆ¡ báº£n2 MP Ä‘áº¹p2 MP chuáº©n2 giÃ¢y2/320 khung/giÃ¢y2002304Ã—1728 hay 2592Ã—19442560Ã—1920 hay 2304Ã—17282816Ã—2212 hay 2816Ã—2112Äá»“ng bá»™ mÃ nh thá»© hai Ä‘Ã£ dÃ¹ng2Ã—LÆ°á»›i 2Ã—2 (xuÃ´i chiá»u)3008Ã—2008 hay 3040Ã—20244004Ã—5 khung/giÃ¢y50800?Má»™t chuá»—i kÃ½ tá»± chá»©a ghi chÃº vá» áº£nh, mÃ£ hÃ³a theo UTF-16LE.Má»™t chuá»—i kÃ½ tá»± chá»©a tá»« khÃ³a diá»…n táº£ áº£nh, mÃ£ hÃ³a theo UTF-16LE.Má»™t chuá»—i kÃ½ tá»± chá»©a tÃªn cá»§a ngÆ°á»i táº¡o áº£nh, mÃ£ hÃ³a theo UTF-16LE.Má»™t chuá»—i kÃ½ tá»± Ä‘Æ°a ra chá»§ Ä‘á» cá»§a áº£nh, mÃ£ hÃ³a theo UTF-16LE.Má»™t chuá»—i kÃ½ tá»± Ä‘Æ°a ra tá»±a Ä‘á» cá»§a áº£nh, mÃ£ hÃ³a theo UTF-16LE.Chuá»—i kÃ½ tá»± chá»‰ tÃªn áº£nh. NÃ³ cÃ³ thá»ƒ lÃ chÃº thÃch nhÆ° "Äi chÆ¡i vá»›i báº¡n bÃ¨". KhÃ´ng thá»ƒ sá» dá»¥ng mÃ£ kÃ½ tá»± byte Ä‘Ã´i. Khi mÃ£ byte Ä‘Ã´i cáº§n thiáº¿t, hÃ£y dÃ¹ng tháº» Exif Rieng .Má»™t chuá»—i kÃ½ tá»± mÃ ghi thÃ´ng tin vá» ngÃ y thÃ¡ng vÃ thá»i gian tÆ°Æ¡ng á»©ng vá»›i UTC (Thá»i gian Tháº¿ giá»›i). Äá»‹nh dáº¡ng lÃ "NNNN:TT:nn". Chiá»u dÃ i cá»§a chuá»—i lÃ 11 byte bao gá»“m NULL.Má»™t chuá»—i kÃ½ tá»± mÃ ghi tÃªn cá»§a vÃ¹ng GPS. Byte Ä‘áº§u tiÃªn cho biáº¿t mÃ£ kÃ½ tá»±, sau Ä‘Ã³ lÃ tÃªn cá»§a vÃ¹ng GPS. VÃ¬ Kiá»ƒu khÃ¡c ASCII, khÃ´ng cáº§n cháº¥m dá»©t.Má»™t chuá»—i kÃ½ tá»± mÃ ghi tÃªn cá»§a phÆ°Æ¡ng phÃ¡p dÃ¹ng Ä‘á»ƒ tÃ¬m vá»‹ trÃ. Byte Ä‘áº§u tiÃªn cho biáº¿t mÃ£ kÃ½ tá»±, sau Ä‘Ã³ lÃ tÃªn cá»§a phÆ°Æ¡ng phÃ¡p. VÃ¬ Kiá»ƒu khÃ¡c ASCII, khÃ´ng cáº§n cháº¥m dá»©t.Sá»± chá»‰ chung vá» kiá»ƒu dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Æ°á»£c chá»©a trong táºp tin phá»¥ nÃ y.Bá»™ trá» tá»›i IRD Exif. Äá»‘i vá»›i kháº£ nÄƒng thao tÃ¡c vá»›i nhau, IFD Exif cÃ³ cÃ¹ng má»™t cáº¥u trÃºc vá»›i IFD Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi rÃµ trong TIFF. Tuy nhiÃªn, bÃ¬nh thÆ°á»ng nÃ³ khÃ´ng chá»©a dá»¯ liá»‡u áº£nh nhÆ° TIFF.Bá»™ trá» tá»›i IFD ThÃ´ng tin GPS. Cáº¥u trÃºc thao tÃ¡c vá»›i nhau cá»§a IFD ThÃ´ng tin GPS, cÃ¹ng vá»›i IFD Exif, khÃ´ng cÃ³ dá»¯ liá»‡u áº£nh.Tháº» nÃ y cho phÃ©p ngÆ°á»i dÃ¹ng Exif ghi tá»« khÃ³a hay ghi chÃº vá» áº£nh, thÃªm vÃ o thÃ´ng tin trong (mÃ´ táº£ áº£nh), vÃ khÃ´ng cÃ³ háº¡n cháº¿ mÃ£ kÃ½ tá»± cá»§a tháº» . MÃ£ kÃ½ tá»± dÃ¹ng trong tháº» (NgÆ°á»i dÃ¹ng Ghi chÃº) Ä‘Æ°á»£c nháºn diá»‡n dá»±a vÃ o má»™t mÃ£ sá»‘ (ID) trong vÃ¹ng 8-byte cá»‘ Ä‘á»‹nh táº¡i Ä‘áº§u vÃ¹ng dá»¯ liá»‡u tháº». Pháº§n vÃ¹ng khÃ´ng dÃ¹ng Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘á»‡m báº±ng NULL (vÃ´ giÃ¡ trá»‹: 00.h). MÃ£ sá»‘ Ä‘Æ°á»£c gÃ¡n báº±ng cÃ¡ch Ä‘Äƒng kÃ½. PhÆ°Æ¡ng phÃ¡p chá»‰ rÃµ vÃ tham chiáº¿u Ä‘áº¿n má»—i mÃ£ kÃ½ tá»± Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘Æ°a ra trong Ä‘áº·c táº£. GiÃ¡ trá»‹ cá»§a CountN Ä‘Æ°á»£c tÃnh dá»±a vÃ o 8 byte trong vÃ¹ng mÃ£ kÃ½ tá»± vÃ sá»‘ cÃ¡c byte trong pháº§n ngÆ°á»i dÃ¹ng ghi chÃº. VÃ¬ TYPE (kiá»ƒu) khÃ´ng pháº£i lÃ ASCII, khÃ´ng cáº§n cháº¥m dá»©t báº±ng NULL (vÃ´ giÃ¡ trá»‹). MÃ£ sá»‘ cho vÃ¹ng cÃ³ tháº» lÃ mÃ£ ÄÃ£ Äá»‹nh NghÄ©a nhÆ° JIS hay ASCII, hoáº·c cÃ³ tháº» lÃ ChÆ°a Äá»‹nh NghÄ©a. TÃªn ChÆ°a Äá»‹nh NghÄ©a lÃ UndefinedText, vÃ mÃ£ sá»‘ Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘iá»n vÃ o báº±ng 8 byte cáº£ NULL ("00.H"). TrÃ¬nh Ä‘á»c Exif mÃ Ä‘á»c tháº» pháº£i cÃ³ hÃ m quyáº¿t Ä‘á»‹nh mÃ£ sá»‘. HÃ m nÃ y khÃ´ng cáº§n thiáº¿t trong trÃ¬nh Ä‘á»c Exif khÃ´ng dÃ¹ng tháº» . Khi vÃ¹ng Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ nh riÃªng, khuyÃªn dÃ¹ng mÃ£ sá»‘ kiá»ƒu ASCII, vÃ pháº§n ngÆ°á»i dÃ¹ng ghi chÃº mÃ theo sau Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘iá»n vÃ o báº±ng kÃ½ tá»± tráº¯ng [20.H].Tháº» cho hÃ£ng cháº¿ táº¡o bá»™ ghi Exif, Ä‘á»ƒ ghi lÆ°u thÃ´ng tin nÃ o Ä‘Ã£ muá»‘n. Ná»™i dung theo Ã½ kiáº¿n cá»§a má»—i hÃ£ng cháº¿ táº¡o.Tháº» dÃ¹ng Ä‘á»ƒ ghi lÆ°u pháº§n giÃ¢y cho tháº» (NgÃ y Giá»).Tháº» dÃ¹ng Ä‘á»ƒ ghi lÆ°u pháº§n giÃ¢y cho tháº» (NgÃ y Giá» Ä‘Ã£ Sá»‘ hÃ³a).Tháº» dÃ¹ng Ä‘á»ƒ ghi lÆ°u pháº§n giÃ¢y cho tháº» (NgÃ y Giá» Gá»‘c).HÃ m truyá»n cho áº£nh, Ä‘Æ°á»£c diá»…n táº£ trong kiá»ƒu dÃ¡ng báº£ng. BÃ¬nh thÆ°á»ng, khÃ´ng cáº§n tháº» nÃ y, vÃ¬ vÃ¹ng mÃ u Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi rÃµ trong tháº» thÃ´ng tin vÃ¹ng mÃ u ().A-DEPA-TTLGiÃ¡ trá»‹ Ngoáº·c AENgoáº·c AEThÃ´ng tin AECÃ i Ä‘áº·t AEAE tá»‘tKhÃ³a AEKhÃ³a AE + bÃ¹ phÆ¡i sÃ¡ngVá»‹ trÃ láº¥y nÃ©t AFÄiá»ƒm AFÄiá»ƒm AF Ä‘Ã£ chá»nKáº¿t quáº£ AFá»ng kÃnh AF khÃ¡c DVá»‹ trÃ AF: dÆ°á»›iVá»‹ trÃ AF: giá»¯aVá»‹ trÃ AF: trÃ¡i-xaVá»‹ trÃ AF: pháº£i-xaVá»‹ trÃ AF: trÃ¡iVá»‹ trÃ AF: trÃ¡i-dÆ°á»›iVá»‹ trÃ AF: pháº£i-dÆ°á»›iVá»‹ trÃ AF: pháº£iVá»‹ trÃ AF: trÃªnVá»‹ trÃ AF: trÃ¡i-trÃªnVá»‹ trÃ AF: pháº£i-trÃªnAF-Cá»ng kÃnh VR AF-D Gá»ng kÃnh AF-D Gá»ng kÃnh VR AF-Dá»ng kÃnh AF-D hay AF-SAF-SAF AI láº¥y nÃ©tAF AI Ä‘á»™ng cÆ¡ tÃ¹y Ä‘á»™ngASCIIAVI+THMHÃ nh Ä‘á»™ngBá»™ nguá»“n ACThÃªm, sá»a vÃ gá»¡ bá» má»¥c nháºp Ä‘á»ƒ táº¡o dá»¯ liá»‡u EXIF tÃ¹y theo Ä‘áº·c táº£.Chá»‰nh phÆ¡i sÃ¡ngAdobe RGBTáº¥t cáº£Cao Ä‘á»™Tham chiáº¿u cao Ä‘á»™Kháº©u Ä‘á»™GiÃ¡ trá»‹ kháº©u Ä‘á»™Æ¯u tiÃªn kháº©u Ä‘á»™Æ¯u tiÃªn kháº©u Ä‘á»™ AEBá»ƒ cáº£nhNghá»‡ sÄ©Tá»± Ä‘á»™ngTá»± Ä‘á»™ng (100-400%)Tá»± Ä‘á»™ng Ä‘iá»ƒm AFTá»± Ä‘á»™ng chá»n Ä‘iá»ƒm AFTá»± Ä‘á»™ng Ä‘áº·t giá»¯a ngoáº·cKiá»ƒm tra tá»± Ä‘á»™ng phÆ¡i sÃ¡ngKiá»ƒm tra tá»± Ä‘á»™ng láº¥y nÃ©tISO tá»± Ä‘á»™ngTá»± Ä‘á»™ng xoayTá»± Ä‘á»™ng Ä‘áº·t giá»¯aPhÆ¡i sÃ¡ng tá»± Ä‘á»™ngTá»± Ä‘á»™ng caoCÃ¢n báº±ng tráº¯ng tá»± Ä‘á»™ngTá»± Ä‘á»™ng, chÆ°a hoáº¡t Ä‘á»™ngTá»± Ä‘á»™ng, chÆ°a hoáº¡t Ä‘á»™ng, giáº£m máº¯t Ä‘á»Tá»± Ä‘á»™ng, hoáº¡t Ä‘á»™ngTá»± Ä‘á»™ng, hoáº¡t Ä‘á»™ng, giáº£m máº¯t Ä‘á»Tá»± Ä‘á»™ng, giáº£m máº¯t Ä‘á»Tá»± Ä‘á»™ng chá»nLáº¥y nÃ©n cÃ¡c Ä‘iá»ƒm Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ngTá»± Ä‘á»™ngMÃ¹a thuÆ¯u tiÃªn AVTrung bÃ¬nhTbÃ¬nhBThÃ´ng tin pinMá»©c pinBÃ£i biá»ƒnVá»‹ trÃ phÆ°Æ¡ng hÆ°á»›ng Ä‘ÃchTá»‘t nháº¥tCháº¿ Ä‘á»™ Chá»¥p Tá»‘t nháº¥tTá»‘t hÆ¡nBit/máº«uCháº¿ Ä‘á»™ Äen Tráº¯ngÄen & tráº¯ngMá»©c ÄenÄiá»ƒm Ä‘enCÃ¢n báº±ng Xanh lÆ¡Kiá»ƒm tra má»CÃ nh bÃ¡o má»DÆ°á»›iDÆ°á»›i lÃªn trÃªnDÆ°á»›i-giá»¯aTrÃ¡i-dÆ°á»›iPháº£i-dÆ°á»›iBá»§a vÃ¢ySÃ¡ng+SÃ¡ng-Äá»™ sÃ¡ngGiÃ¡ trá»‹ Ä‘á»™ sÃ¡ngThá»i gian BÃ³ng Ä‘Ã¨nByteCÃ³ byte táº¡i vá»‹ trÃ %i: 0x%02xCháº¿ Ä‘á»™ quÃ©t CCDÄá»™ nháº¡y CCDÄá»™ nháº¡y ISo CCSMáº«u CFACMYKCR2CR2+JPEGCRW+THMMÃ£ sá»‘ MÃ¡y áº£nhThÃ´ng tin mÃ¡y áº£nhNhiá»‡t Ä‘á»™ cáº£m biáº¿nKiá»ƒu mÃ¡y áº£nhÃnh sÃ¡ng náº¿nCanon EF 100-300mm F5.6LCanon EF 100-400mm f/4.5-5.6L ISCanon EF 100-400mm f/4.5-5.6L IS + x1.4Canon EF 100-400mm f/4.5-5.6L IS + x2Canon EF 100mm f/2Canon EF 100mm f/2.8 MacroCanon EF 135mm f/2LCanon EF 15mm f/2.8Canon EF 16-35mm f/2.8LCanon EF 17-40mm f/4LCanon EF 180mm Macro f/3.5L hay Sigma 180mm EX HSM Macro f/3.5Canon EF 20-35mm f/3.5-4.5 USMCanon EF 200mm f/1.8LCanon EF 200mm f/2.8LCanon EF 200mm f/2.8L IICanon EF 24-105mm f/4L ISCanon EF 24-70mm f/2.8LCanon EF 24-85mm f/3.5-4.5 USMCanon EF 24mm f/2.8 hay Sigma 15mm f/2.8 EX Máº¯t CÃ¡Canon EF 28-105mm f/3.5-4.5 USMCanon EF 28-105mm f/4-5.6Canon EF 28-135mm f/3.5-5.6 ISCanon EF 28-200mm f/3.5-5.6Canon EF 28-70mm f/2.8L hay Sigma 24-70mm EX f/2.8Canon EF 28-80 f/3.5-5.6 USM IVCanon EF 28-80mm f/3.5-5.6Canon EF 28mm f/1.8 USMCanon EF 28mm f/2.8Canon EF 300mm f/2.8LCanon EF 300mm f/2.8L ISCanon EF 300mm f/4L ISCanon EF 35-350mm f/3.5-5.6LCanon EF 35-80mm f/4-5.6Canon EF 35mm f/1.4LCanon EF 35mm f/2Canon EF 400mm f/2.8LCanon EF 400mm f/2.8L + x2Canon EF 400mm f/4 DO ISCanon EF 500mm f/4.5LCanon EF 500mm f/4L ISCanon EF 50mm F1.2L USMCanon EF 50mm f/1.0LCanon EF 50mm f/1.4Canon EF 50mm f/1.8Canon EF 50mm f/1.8 MkIICanon EF 600mm f/4L ISCanon EF 70-200mm f/2.8 LCanon EF 70-200mm f/2.8 L + x1.4Canon EF 70-200mm f/2.8 L + x2Canon EF 70-200mm f/2.8L IS II USMCanon EF 70-200mm f/2.8L IS USMCanon EF 70-200mm f/2.8L IS USM + x1.4Canon EF 70-200mm f/2.8L IS USM + x2Canon EF 70-200mm f/4LCanon EF 70-200mm f/4L IS USMCanon EF 70-300mm F4-5.6 IS USMCanon EF 70-300mm f/4.5-5.6 DO IS USMCanon EF 75-300mm f/4-5.6Canon EF 75-300mm f/4-5.6 ISCanon EF 80-200mm f/2.8LCanon EF 85mm f/1.2LCanon EF 85mm f/1.8 USMCanon EF 90-300mm f/4.5-5.6Canon EF-S 17-85mm f4-5.6 IS USMCanon EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-4.5 USMCanon EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6Canon EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 IS IICanon EF-S10-22mm F3.5-4.5 USMCanon EF-S60mm F2.8 Macro USMCanon MP-E 65mm f/2.8 1-5x Macro PhotoCanon TS-E 24mm f/3.5LCanon TS-E 45mm f/2.8Canon TS-E 90mm f/2.8Dá»¯ liá»‡u TrÃ¬nh Sá»a áº¢nh Báº¯tPhiÃªn báº£n TrÃ¬nh Sá»a áº¢nh Báº¯tCháº¿ Ä‘á»™ báº¯tCbGiá»¯aGiá»¯a-pháº£iNáº·ng-giá»¯aTrung bÃ¬nh náº·ng giá»¯aá»ž giá»¯aCen-ti-mÃ©tÄá»™ bÃ£o hÃ²a sáº¯c Ä‘á»™Äá»‹nh dáº¡ng tá»«ng Ä‘oáº¡nCieLABGáº§nXem gáº§nÄáº§y mÃ¢yÄáº§y mÃ¢yÄá»‹nh vá»‹ vá»›i nhauMÃ uCháº¿ Ä‘á»™ chá»‰nh mÃ uÄiá»u khiá»ƒn MÃ uThÃ´ng tin mÃ u sáº¯cMa tráºn MÃ uSá»‘ Ma tráºn MÃ uCháº¿ Ä‘á»™ MÃ uCháº¿ Ä‘á»™ MÃ u (?)Miá»n mÃ uTÃ´ng mÃ uNháº¥n mÃ uCáº£m biáº¿n vÃ¹ng mÃ u tuáº§n tá»±Cáº£m biáº¿n mÃ u tuyáº¿n tÃnhTrao Ä‘á»•i mÃ uMÃ u sáº¯cMÃ¡y áº£nh du lá»‹chCáº¥u hÃ¬nh thÃ nh pháº§nSá»‘ bit Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n/Ä‘iá»ƒm áº£nhNÃ©nTá»· lá»‡ nÃ©nLiÃªn tá»¥cSá»‘ thá»© tá»± dÃ¢y liÃªn tá»¥cChá»¥p liÃªn tá»¥cLiÃªn tá»¥c, caoLiÃªn tá»¥c, tháº¥pLiÃªn tá»¥c, Æ°u tiÃªn tá»‘c Ä‘á»™TÆ°Æ¡ng pháº£nÄÆ°á»ng cong tÆ°Æ¡ng pháº£nCÃ i Ä‘áº·t Ä‘á»™ TÆ°Æ¡ng pháº£nTÆ°Æ¡ng pháº£n+TÆ°Æ¡ng pháº£n-Bá»™ chuyá»ƒn Ä‘á»•iHuá»³nh quang tráº¯ng mÃ¡tTÃ¡c quyá»nThÃ´ng tin báº£n quyá»n. Trong tiÃªu chuáº©n nÃ y, tháº» Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng Ä‘á»ƒ cho biáº¿t báº£n quyá»n kiá»ƒu cáº£ nhÃ nhiáº¿p áº£nh láº«n nhÃ soáº¡n tháº£o Ä‘á»u. NÃ³ lÃ thÃ´ng bÃ¡o báº£n quyá»n cá»§a ngÆ°á»i hay tá»• chá»©c tuyÃªn bá»‘ cÃ¡c quyá»n cá»§a áº£nh Ä‘Ã³. CÃ¢u báº£n quyá»n thao tÃ¡c vá»›i nhau, gá»“m ngÃ y vÃ cÃ¡c quyá»n, nÃªn Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi vÃ o trÆ°á»ng nÃ y. Láº¥y thÃ dá»¥, "Báº£n quyá»n Â©, Nguyá»…n VÄƒn Tuáº¥n, 2006, báº£o lÆ°u má»i quyá»n." Trong tiÃªu chuáº©n nÃ y, trÆ°á»ng nÃ y thu thanh báº£n quyá»n kiá»ƒu cáº£ nhÃ nhiáº¿p áº£nh láº«n nhÃ soáº¡n tháº£o Ä‘á»u, vá»›i má»—i báº£n quyá»n Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi lÆ°u vÃ o má»™t pháº§n cÃ¢u riÃªng. Khi cÃ³ sá»± phÃ¢n biá»‡t rÃµ giá»¯a báº£n quyá»n kiá»ƒu nhÃ nhiáº¿p áº£nh vÃ nhÃ soáº¡n tháº£o, hai Ä‘iá»u nÃªn Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi theo thá»© tá»± báº£n quyá»n cá»§a nhÃ nhiáº¿p áº£nh Ä‘áº±ng trÆ°á»›c báº£n quyá»n cá»§a nhÃ soáº¡n tháº£o, giá»›i háº¡n bá»Ÿi NULL (rá»—ng). (Trong trÆ°á»ng há»£p nÃ y, vÃ¬ cÃ¢u cÅ©ng káº¿t thÃºc vá»›i NULL, cÃ³ hai mÃ£ NULL [xem thÃ dá»¥ 1]). Khi Ä‘Æ°a ra chá»‰ báº£n quyá»n cá»§a nhÃ nhiáº¿p áº£nh, nÃ³ Ä‘Æ°á»£c cháº¥m dá»©t bá»Ÿi má»™t mÃ£ NULL (xem thÃ dá»¥ 2). Khi Ä‘Æ°a ra chá»‰ báº£n quyá»n cá»§a nhÃ soáº¡n tháº£o, nÃªn ghi má»™t dáº¥u cÃ¡ch (cho pháº§n nhÃ nhiáº¿p áº£nh), rá»“i mÃ£ NULL cháº¥m dá»©t, rá»“i báº£n quyá»n cá»§a nhÃ soáº¡n tháº£o (xem thÃ dá»¥ 3). Khi trÆ°á»ng cÃ²n trá»‘ng, nÃ³ Ä‘Æ°á»£c xá» lÃ½ lÃ khÃ´ng rÃµ.Dá»¯ liá»‡u bá»‹ há»ng.Cosina 100mm f/3.5 Macro AFCrSÃ¡ng táº¡oChÆ°Æ¡ng trÃ¬nh sÃ¡ng táº¡o (khuynh hÆ°á»›ng Ä‘áº¿n Ä‘á»™ sÃ¢u vÃ¹ng)ChÆ°Æ¡ng trÃ¬nh sÃ¡ng táº¡o (khuynh hÆ°á»›ng Ä‘áº¿n tá»‘c Ä‘á»™ cháºp nhanh)Tá»± chá»nTá»± chá»n 1Tá»± chá»n 2Chá»©c nÄƒng tá»± chá»nÄÃ£ váº½ tá»± chá»nTiáº¿n trÃ¬nh riÃªngD55D65D75DSCThÃº cÆ°ng tá»‘iÄá»• dá»¯ liá»‡uNgÃ yNgÃ y vÃ Giá»NgÃ y vÃ Giá» (ÄÃ£ sá»‘ hÃ³a)NgÃ y vÃ Giá» (Gá»‘c)Huá»³nh quang ngÃ y tráº¯ngÃnh náº¯ng ban ngÃ yGiá» giá»¯ ban ngÃ yHuá»³nh quang áº£nh náº¯ng ban ngÃ yThÃ´ng tin gá»¡ lá»—iCÃ³ thÃ´ng tin gá»¡ lá»—i.Máº·c Ä‘á»‹nhÄÆ°á»£c Ä‘á»‹nh nghÄ©a bá»Ÿi CÃ´ng ty Adobe Ä‘á»ƒ báºt kháº£ nÄƒng CÃ¢y TIFF á»Ÿ trong táºp tin TIFF.NÃ©n/xáº£ nÃ©n ZipThÃ nh phá»‘ Ä‘ÃchMÃ£ thÃ nh phá»‘ Ä‘ÃchGiá» mÃ¹a hÃ¨ á» Ä‘ÃchGiá» mÃ¹a hÃ¨ á» Ä‘ÃchCháº¿ Ä‘á»™ rá»™ng pháº¡m vi Ä‘á»™ng phÃ¡t triá»ƒnMÃ´ táº£ cÃ i Ä‘áº·t thiáº¿t bá»‹PhÃ³ng to Sá»‘Tá»· lá»‡ phÃ³ng to sá»‘Lá»c sá»‘Lá»c sá»‘?VÄ© lá»‡nh sá»‘HÆ°á»›ng di chuyá»ƒnChá»¥p áº£nh trá»±c tiáº¿pKháº©u Ä‘á»™ trÃ¬nh bÃ yKhoáº£ng cÃ¡ch tá»›i Ä‘á»‘i tÆ°á»£ng Ä‘Ã£ chá»¥p, theo milimÃ©t.Khoáº£ng cÃ¡ch Ä‘áº¿n Ä‘ÃchXaXem xaKhÃ´ng thay Ä‘á»•i ghi chÃº hÃ£ng cháº¿ táº¡oTÃªn tÃ i liá»‡uÄÃ´iCháº¿ Ä‘á»™ Ä‘áº©y lÃªnPháº¡m vi Ä‘á»™ngCháº¿ Ä‘á»™ rá»™ng pháº¡m vi Ä‘á»™ngE-TTLEOS cao cáº¥pEOS trung cáº¥pKhÃ´ng tÃ¬m tháº¥y pháº§n Ä‘áº§u EXIF.KhÃ´ng tÃ¬m tháº¥y dáº¥u hiá»‡u EXIF.Äá»™ kinh ÄÃ´ng hay TÃ¢yCháº¿ Ä‘á»™ chá»¥p dá»…Chá»¥p dá»…Tiáº¿t kiá»‡mMÃ£ hÃ³a mÃºi giá» cá»§a Ä‘á»“ng há»“ mÃ¡y áº£nh tÆ°Æ¡ng á»©ng vá»›i UTC (Thá»i gian Tháº¿ giá»›i).TÄƒng cÆ°á»ngBá» cao áº£nh EpsonBá» rá»™ng áº£nh EpsonPhiÃªn báº£n pháº§n má»m EpsonÆ¯á»›c lÆ°á»£ngPhiÃªn báº£n ExifEXIF phiÃªn báº£n %d.%dKhuynh hÆ°á»›ng phÆ¡i sÃ¡ngGiÃ¡ trá»‹ phÆ¡i sÃ¡ng chá»¥p bá»§a vÃ¢ySá»± bÃ¹ phÆ¡i sÃ¡ngChá»‰ sá»‘ phÆ¡i sÃ¡ngCháº¿ Ä‘á»™ phÆ¡i sÃ¡ngChÆ°Æ¡ng trÃ¬nh phÆ¡i sÃ¡ngThá»i gian phÆ¡i sÃ¡ngSá»± bÃ¹ phÆ¡i sÃ¡ngThá»i gian phÆ¡i bÃ y, theo giÃ¢y.KhÃ¡c biá»‡t phÆ¡i sÃ¡ng?NgoÃ 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KhuyÃªn chá»n nÃ³ Ä‘á»ƒ báº£o Ä‘áº£m sá»‘ byte máº£nh khÃ´ng pháº£i hÆ¡n 64 Kb. Äá»‘i vá»›i dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n JPEG, khÃ´ng cáº§n sá»± chá»‰ rÃµ nÃ y nÃªn nÃ³ bá»‹ bá» Ä‘i. 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GiÃ¡ trá»‹ HDOP Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi trong khi Ä‘o lÆ°á»ng theo hai chiá»u, vÃ giÃ¡ trá»‹ PDOP Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi trong khi Ä‘o lÆ°á»ng theo ba chiá»u.Cho biáº¿t cháº¿ Ä‘á»™ Ä‘o lÆ°á»ng GPS. "2" cÃ³ nghÄ©a lÃ Ä‘ang Ä‘o lÆ°á»ng theo hai chiá»u ; "3" cÃ³ nghÄ©a lÃ Ä‘ang Ä‘o lÆ°á»ng theo ba chiá»u (3D).Cho biáº¿t nhá»¯ng vá»‡ tinh GPS Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng Ä‘á»ƒ Ä‘o lÆ°á»ng. Tháº» nÃ y cÃ³ kháº£ nÄƒng diá»…n táº£ sá»‘ cÃ¡c vá»‡ tinh, mÃ£ sá»‘ cá»§a má»—i vá»‡ tinh, gÃ³c nÃ¢ng, gÃ³c phÆ°Æ¡ng vá»‹, SNR vÃ thÃ´ng tin khÃ¡c theo kiá»ƒu ASCII. Äá»‹nh dáº¡ng khÃ´ng pháº£i Ä‘Æ°á»£c chá»‰ ra. Náº¿u thiáº¿t bá»‹ nháºn GPS khÃ´ng cÃ³ kháº£ nÄƒng Ä‘o lÆ°á»ng thÃ¬ giÃ¡ trá»‹ cá»§a tháº» nÃ y Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘áº·t thÃ nh NULL (vÃ´ giÃ¡ trá»‹).Cho biáº¿t Tá»‘c Ä‘á»™ ISO vÃ Äá»™ VÄ© ISO cá»§a mÃ¡y áº£nh hay thiáº¿t bá»‹ nháºp, nhÆ° Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi rÃµ trong ISO 12232.Cho biáº¿t hÃ m Chuyá»ƒn Ä‘á»•i Quang-Äiá»‡n (OECF) Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi rÃµ trong ISO 14524. lÃ quan há»‡ giá»¯a dá»¯ liá»‡u nháºp quang cá»§a mÃ¡y áº£nh, vÃ cÃ¡c giÃ¡ trá»‹ áº£nh.Cho biáº¿t cao Ä‘á»™, Ä‘á»±a vÃ o tham chiáº¿u trong . Cao Ä‘á»™ Ä‘Æ°á»£c tháº¿ hiá»‡n lÃ má»™t giÃ¡ trá»‹ Há»®U Tá»¶. ÄÆ¡n vá»‹ tham chiáº¿u lÃ mÃ©t.Cho biáº¿t cao Ä‘á»™ Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng lÃ cao Ä‘á»™ tham chiáº¿u. Náº¿u tham chiáº¿u lÃ máº·t biá»ƒn vÃ cao Ä‘á»™ trÃªn máº·t biá»ƒn, Ä‘Æ°a ra 0. Náº¿u cao Ä‘á»™ dÆ°á»›i máº·t biá»ƒn, Ä‘Æ°a ra 1, vÃ cao Ä‘á»™ Ä‘Æ°á»£c cho biáº¿t lÃ giÃ¡ trá»‹ tuyá»‡t Ä‘á»‘i trong tháº» GPSAltitude. ÄÆ¡n vá»‹ tham chiáº¿u lÃ mÃ©t. ChÃº Ã½ ráº±ng tháº» nÃ y lÃ kiá»ƒu BYTE, khÃ¡c vá»›i cÃ¡c tháº» tham chiáº¿u khÃ¡c.Cho biáº¿t vá»‹ trÃ phÆ°Æ¡ng hÆ°á»›ng tá»›i Ä‘iá»ƒm Ä‘Ãch Ä‘áº¿n. GiÃ¡ trá»‹ náº±m trong pháº¡m vi 0.00 Ä‘áº¿n 359.99.Cho biáº¿t máº«u hÃ¬nh há»c máº£ng lá»c mÃ u (CFA) cá»§a cáº£m biáº¿n áº£nh, khi dÃ¹ng má»™t cáº£m biáº¿n vÃ¹ng mÃ u phiáº¿n tinh thá»ƒ Ä‘Æ¡n. KhÃ´ng Ã¡p dá»¥ng vÃ o má»i phÆ°Æ¡ng phÃ¡p dÃ² tÃ¬m.Cho biáº¿t hÆ°á»›ng theo Ä‘Ã³ thiáº¿t bá»‹ nháºn GPS di chuyá»ƒn. GiÃ¡ trá»‹ náº±m trong pháº¡m vi 0.00 Ä‘áº¿n 359.99.Cho biáº¿t hÆ°á»›ng cá»§a áº£nh khi nÃ³ Ä‘Æ°á»£c báº¯t. GiÃ¡ trá»‹ náº±m trong pháº¡m vi 0.00 Ä‘áº¿n 359.99.Cho biáº¿t khoáº£ng cÃ¡ch tá»›i Ä‘iá»ƒm Ä‘Ãch Ä‘áº¿n.Cho biáº¿t chá»‰ sá»‘ phÆ¡i sÃ¡ng Ä‘Ã£ chá»n trÃªn mÃ¡y áº£nh hay thiáº¿t bá»‹ nháºp vÃ o lÃºc chá»¥p áº£nh.Cho biáº¿t dá»¯ liá»‡u quan sÃ¡t Ä‘o Ä‘áº¡c Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng bá»Ÿi thiáº¿t bá»‹ nháºn GPS. Náº¿u dá»¯ liá»‡u quan sÃ¡t bá»‹ giá»›i háº¡n á»Ÿ Nháºt báº£n thÃ¬ giÃ¡ trá»‹ cá»§a tháº» nÃ y lÃ "TOKYO" hay "WGS-84". Náº¿u má»™t tháº» ThÃ´ng tin GPS Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi thÃ¬ ráº¥t khuyÃªn cÅ©ng ghi tháº» nÃ y.Cho biáº¿t cÃ¡ch nháºn diá»‡n quy táº¯c kháº£ nÄƒng thao tÃ¡c vá»›i nhau. HÃ£y dÃ¹ng "R98" cho Quy táº¯c ExifR98. Bá»‘n byte Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng, gá»“m mÃ£ káº¿t thÃºc (Rá»–NG). HÃ£y xem tÃ i liá»‡u riÃªng CÃ¡c Quy táº¯c Kháº£ nÄƒng Thao tÃ¡c vá»›i nhau (ExifR98) cho cÃ¡c tháº» khÃ¡c Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng cho ExifR98.Chá»‰ ra kiá»ƒu cáº£m biáº¿n áº£nh trÃªn mÃ¡y áº£nh hay thiáº¿t bá»‹ nháºp.Cho biáº¿t nguá»“n áº£nh. Náº¿u DSC Ä‘Ã£ ghi lÆ°u áº£nh Ä‘Ã³, giÃ¡ trá»‹ tháº» cá»§a tháº» nÃ y pháº£i luÃ´n Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘áº·t thÃ nh 3, cho biáº¿t lÃ áº£nh Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi lÆ°u trÃªn DSC.Cho biáº¿t Ä‘á»™ vÄ© cá»§a Ä‘iá»ƒm Ä‘Ãch Ä‘áº¿n. Äá»™ vÄ© Ä‘Æ°á»£c tháº¿ hiá»‡n lÃ ba giÃ¡ trá»‹ Há»®U Tá»¶ Ä‘Æ°a ra Ä‘á»™, phÃºt vÃ giÃ¢y riÃªng tá»«ng. Khi tháº¿ hiá»‡n Ä‘á»™, phÃºt vÃ giÃ¢y, Ä‘á»‹nh dáº¡ng thÆ°á»ng lÃ "Ä‘Ä‘/1,pp/1,gg/1". Khi dÃ¹ng Ä‘á»™ vÃ phÃºt, vÃ , láº¥y thÃ dá»¥, pháº§n Ä‘á»™ Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘Æ°a ra Ä‘áº¿n hai láº§n sá»‘, Ä‘á»‹nh dáº¡ng lÃ "Ä‘Ä‘/1,pppp/100,0/1".Cho biáº¿t Ä‘á»™ vÄ©. Äá»™ vÄ© Ä‘Æ°á»£c tháº¿ hiá»‡n lÃ ba giÃ¡ trá»‹ Há»®U Tá»¶ Ä‘Æ°a ra Ä‘á»™, phÃºt vÃ giÃ¢y riÃªng tá»«ng. Khi tháº¿ hiá»‡n Ä‘á»™, phÃºt vÃ giÃ¢y, Ä‘á»‹nh dáº¡ng lÃ <Ä‘Ä‘/1,pp/1,gg/1>. Khi dÃ¹ng Ä‘á»™ vÃ phÃºt, vÃ , láº¥y thÃ dá»¥, pháº§n Ä‘á»™ Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘Æ°a ra Ä‘áº¿n hai láº§n sá»‘, Ä‘á»‹nh dáº¡ng lÃ <Ä‘Ä‘/1,pppp/100,0/1>.Cho biáº¿t vá»‹ trÃ cá»§a chá»§ thá»ƒ chÃnh trong cáº£nh. GiÃ¡ trá»‹ cá»§a tháº» nÃ y thá»ƒ hiá»‡n Ä‘iá»ƒm táº¡i tÃ¢m cá»§a chá»§ thá»ƒ chÃnh, tÆ°Æ¡ng á»©ng vá»›i cáº¡nh bÃªn trÃ¡i, trÆ°á»›c khi xá» lÃ½ Ä‘á»™ xoay tÃ¹y theo tháº» <Ä‘á»™ xoay>. GiÃ¡ trá»‹ thá»© nháº¥t cho biáº¿t sá»‘ hiá»‡u cá»™t X, cÃ²n giÃ¡ trá»‹ thá»© hai cho biáº¿t sá»‘ hiá»‡u hÃ ng Y.Cho biáº¿t Ä‘á»™ kinh cá»§a Ä‘iá»ƒm Ä‘Ãch Ä‘áº¿n. Äá»™ kinh Ä‘Æ°á»£c tháº¿ hiá»‡n lÃ ba giÃ¡ trá»‹ Há»®U Tá»¶ Ä‘Æ°a ra Ä‘á»™, phÃºt vÃ giÃ¢y riÃªng tá»«ng. Khi tháº¿ hiá»‡n Ä‘á»™, phÃºt vÃ giÃ¢y, Ä‘á»‹nh dáº¡ng lÃ "Ä‘Ä‘/1,pp/1,gg/1". Khi dÃ¹ng Ä‘á»™ vÃ phÃºt, vÃ , láº¥y thÃ dá»¥, pháº§n Ä‘á»™ Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘Æ°a ra Ä‘áº¿n hai láº§n sá»‘, Ä‘á»‹nh dáº¡ng lÃ "Ä‘Ä‘/1,pppp/100,0/1".Cho biáº¿t kinh Ä‘á»™. Äá»™ kinh Ä‘Æ°á»£c tháº¿ hiá»‡n lÃ ba giÃ¡ trá»‹ Há»®U Tá»¶ Ä‘Æ°a ra Ä‘á»™, phÃºt vÃ giÃ¢y riÃªng tá»«ng. Khi tháº¿ hiá»‡n Ä‘á»™, phÃºt vÃ giÃ¢y, Ä‘á»‹nh dáº¡ng lÃ <Ä‘Ä‘/1,pp/1,gg/1>. Khi dÃ¹ng Ä‘á»™ vÃ phÃºt, vÃ , láº¥y thÃ dá»¥, pháº§n Ä‘á»™ Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘Æ°a ra Ä‘áº¿n hai láº§n sá»‘, Ä‘á»‹nh dáº¡ng lÃ <Ä‘Ä‘/1,pppp/100,0/1>.Cho biáº¿t sá»‘ Ä‘iá»ƒm áº£nh vá» hÆ°á»›ng Ä‘á»™ cao áº£nh (Y) trÃªn má»—i <Ä‘Æ¡n vá»‹ Ä‘á»™ phÃ¢n giáº£i pháº±ng tiÃªu> trÃªn pháº³ng tiÃªu cá»§a mÃ¡y áº£nh.Cho biáº¿t sá»‘ Ä‘iá»ƒm áº£nh vá» hÆ°á»›ng Ä‘á»™ rá»™ng áº£nh (X) trÃªn má»—i <Ä‘Æ¡n vá»‹ Ä‘á»™ phÃ¢n giáº£i pháº±ng tiÃªu> trÃªn pháº³ng tiÃªu cá»§a mÃ¡y áº£nh.Cho biáº¿t tham chiáº¿u Ä‘á»ƒ cung cáº¥p hÆ°á»›ng theo Ä‘Ã³ thiáº¿t bá»‹ nháºn GPS di chuyá»ƒn. "T" lÃ hÆ°á»›ng Ä‘Ãºng, cÃ²n "M" lÃ hÆ°á»›ng tá»«.Cho biáº¿t tham chiáº¿u Ä‘á»ƒ cung cáº¥p hÆ°á»›ng cá»§a áº£nh khi nÃ³ Ä‘Æ°á»£c báº¯t. "T" lÃ hÆ°á»›ng Ä‘Ãºng, cÃ²n "M" lÃ hÆ°á»›ng tá»«.Cho biáº¿t tham chiáº¿u dÃ¹ng Ä‘á»ƒ cung cáº¥p vá»‹ trÃ phÆ°Æ¡ng hÆ°á»›ng tá»›i Ä‘iá»ƒm Ä‘Ãch Ä‘áº¿n. "T" lÃ hÆ°á»›ng Ä‘Ãºng, cÃ²n "M" lÃ hÆ°á»›ng tá»«.Cho biáº¿t Ä‘á»™ nháº¡y quang phá»• cá»§a má»—i kÃªnh cá»§a mÃ¡y áº£nh Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng. GiÃ¡ trá»‹ cá»§a tháº» lÃ chuá»—i ASCII tÆ°Æ¡ng thÃch vá»›i tiÃªu chuáº©n Ä‘Æ°á»£c phÃ¡t triá»ƒn bá»Ÿi á»¦y ban Ká»¹ thuáºt ASTM.Cho biáº¿t tá»‘c Ä‘á»™ di chuyá»ƒn cá»§a thiáº¿t bá»‹ nháºn GPS.Cho biáº¿t tráº¡ng thÃ¡i cá»§a thiáº¿t bá»‹ nháºn GPS vÃ o lÃºc thu áº£nh. "A" cÃ³ nghÄ©a lÃ Ä‘ang Ä‘o lÆ°á»ng; "V" cÃ³ nghÄ©a lÃ sá»± Ä‘o lÃ TÆ°Æ¡ng hÃ nh.Cho biáº¿t nÄƒng lÆ°á»£ng cá»§a Ä‘Ã¨n nhÃ¡y vÃ o lÃºc chá»¥p áº£nh, theo BCPS (giÃ¢y nÄƒng lÆ°á»£ng cÃ¢y náº¿n tia)Cho biáº¿t thá»i gian theo UTC (Thá»i gian Tháº¿ giá»›i). NhÃ£n thá»i gian Ä‘Æ°á»£c thá»ƒ hiá»‡n theo ba giÃ¡ trá»‹ Há»®U Tá»¶ lÃ giÃ¡, phÃºt vÃ giÃ¢y.Cho biáº¿t kiá»ƒu cáº£nh. Náº¿u DSC Ä‘Ã£ ghi lÆ°u áº£nh Ä‘Ã³, giÃ¡ trá»‹ tháº» cá»§a tháº» nÃ y pháº£i luÃ´n Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘áº·t lÃ 1, cho biáº¿t lÃ áº£nh Ä‘Ã£ Ä‘Æ°á»£c chá»¥p áº£nh má»™t cÃ¡ch trá»±c tiáº¿p.Cho biáº¿t Ä‘Æ¡n vá»‹ Ä‘á»ƒ Ä‘o <Ä‘á»™ phÃ¢n giáº£i X pháº³ng tiÃªu> vÃ <Ä‘á»™ phÃ¢n giáº£i Y pháº³ng tiÃªu>. GiÃ¡ trá»‹ nÃ y báº±ng <Ä‘Æ¡n vá»‹ Ä‘á»™ phÃ¢n giáº£i>.Cho biáº¿t Ä‘Æ¡n vá»‹ dÃ¹ng Ä‘á»ƒ thá»ƒ hiá»‡n tá»‘c Ä‘á»™ di chuyá»ƒn cá»§a thiáº¿t bá»‹ nháºn GPS: * K kilÃ´mÃ©t/giá» * M dáº·m/giá» * N háº£i lÃ½Chá»‰ ra Ä‘Æ¡n vá»‹ dÃ¹ng Ä‘á»ƒ biá»ƒu diá»…n khoáº£ng cÃ¡ch tá»›i Ä‘iá»ƒm Ä‘Ãch Ä‘áº¿n. â€œKâ€, â€œMâ€ vÃ â€œNâ€ tÆ°Æ¡ng á»©ng vá»›i kilÃ´mÃ©t, dáº·m vÃ háº£i lÃ½.Cho biáº¿t giÃ¡ trá»‹ cá»§a gamma há»‡ sá»‘.Cho biáº¿t phiÃªn báº£n cá»§a . PhiÃªn báº£n Ä‘Æ°á»£c hiá»ƒn thá»‹ lÃ <2.0.0.0>. Tháº» nÃ y báº¯t buá»™c khi cÃ³ tháº» . (Ghi chÃº: tháº» Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘Æ°a ra theo byte, khÃ¡c vá»›i tháº» . Khi phiÃªn báº£n lÃ <2.0.0.0>, giÃ¡ trá»‹ tháº» lÃ <02000000.H>).Cho biáº¿t náº¿u chá»©c nÄƒng sá»a chá»¯a phÃ¢n biá»‡t Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ã¡p dá»¥ng cho thiáº¿t bá»‹ nháºn GPS hay khÃ´ng.Cho biáº¿t náº¿u thÃ nh pháº§n Ä‘iá»ƒm áº£nh Ä‘Æ°á»£c thu thanh trong Ä‘á»‹nh dáº¡ng kiá»ƒu tá»«ng Ä‘oáº¡n hay pháº³ng. Trong dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n JPEG, má»™t dáº¥u hiá»‡u JPEG Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng thay vÃ o tháº» nÃ y. Náº¿u khÃ´ng cÃ³ trÆ°á»ng nÃ y, giáº£ sá» giÃ¡ trá»‹ TIFF máº·c Ä‘á»‹nh: 1 (kiá»ƒu tá»«ng Ä‘oáº¡n).Cho biáº¿t cÃ³ Ä‘á»™ vÄ© Báº¯c hay Nam. GiÃ¡ trá»‹ ASCII cho biáº¿t Ä‘á»™ vÄ© Báº¯c, cÃ²n lÃ Ä‘á»™ vÄ© Nam.Cho biáº¿t náº¿u Ä‘Ãch Ä‘áº¿n cÃ³ Ä‘á»™ vÄ© Báº¯c hay Nam. GiÃ¡ trá»‹ ASCII "N" cho biáº¿t Ä‘á»™ vÄ© Báº¯c, cÃ²n "S" lÃ Ä‘á»™ vÄ© Nam.Chá»‰ ra nÃ³ lÃ Ä‘á»™ kinh ÄÃ´ng hay TÃ¢y. GiÃ¡ trá»‹ ASCII Ã½ lÃ Ä‘á»™ kinh ÄÃ´ng, cÃ²n lÃ Ä‘á»™ kinh TÃ¢y.Cho biáº¿t náº¿u Ä‘Ãch Ä‘áº¿n cÃ³ Ä‘á»™ kinh ÄÃ´ng hay TÃ¢y. GiÃ¡ trá»‹ ASCII "E" cho biáº¿t Ä‘á»™ kinh ÄÃ´ng, cÃ²n "W" lÃ Ä‘á»™ kinh TÃ¢y.Trong nhÃ VÃ´ cá»±cVÃ´ háº¡nBÆ°á»›c á»‘ng kÃnh vÃ´ háº¡nThÃ´ng tinThÃ´ng tin Ä‘áº·c trÆ°ng cho dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n. Nhá»¯ng kÃªnh cá»§a má»—i thÃ nh pháº§n Ä‘Æ°á»£c sáº¯p xáº¿p theo thá»© tá»± tá»« thÃ nh pháº§n thá»© nháº¥t Ä‘áº¿n thá»© tÆ°. Äá»‘i vá»›i dá»¯ liá»‡u khÃ´ng Ä‘Æ°á»£c nÃ©n, cÃ¡ch sáº¯p xáº¿p dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘Æ°a ra trong tháº» . Tuy nhiÃªn, vÃ¬ tháº» cÃ³ thá»ƒ hiá»‡n Ä‘Æ°á»£c chá»‰ thá»© tá»± cá»§a Y, CB vÃ Cr, tháº» nÃ y Ä‘Æ°á»£c cung cáº¥p cho cÃ¡c trÆ°á»ng há»£p mÃ dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n dÃ¹ng thÃ nh pháº§n khÃ¡c vá»›i Y, Cb vra Cr, vÃ Ä‘á»ƒ hiá»‡u lá»±c kháº£ nÄƒng há»— trá»£ cÃ¡c dÃ£y khÃ¡c.ThÃ´ng tin Ä‘áº·c trÆ°ng cho dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n. Cháº¿ Ä‘á»™ nÃ©n Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng cho áº£nh Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘Æ°a ra theo Ä‘Æ¡n vá»‹ bit trÃªn má»—i Ä‘iá»ƒm áº£nh.ThÃ´ng tin Ä‘áº·c trÆ°ng cho dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n. Khi ghi lÆ°u táºp tin Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n, Ä‘á»™ cao há»£p lá»‡ cá»§a áº£nh cÃ³ nghÄ©a pháº£i Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi lÆ°u trong tháº» nÃ y, báº¥t cháº¥p cÃ³ dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘á»‡m hay dáº¥u hiá»‡u sá»Ÿ khá»Ÿi láº¡i. KhÃ´ng nÃªn cÃ³ tháº» nÃ y trong táºp tin khÃ´ng nÃ©n. VÃ¬ khÃ´ng cáº§n Ä‘á»‡m dá»¯ liá»‡u vá» hÆ°á»›ng dá»c, sá»‘ cÃ¡c dÃ²ng Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi lÆ°u trong tháº» Ä‘á»™ cao áº£nh há»£p lá»‡ nÃ y thá»±c sá»± cÃ¹ng má»™t sá»‘ vá»›i sá»‘ Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi lÆ°u trong SOF.ThÃ´ng tin Ä‘áº·c trÆ°ng cho dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n. Khi ghi lÆ°u táºp tin Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n, Ä‘á»™ rá»™ng há»£p lá»‡ cá»§a áº£nh cÃ³ nghÄ©a pháº£i Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi lÆ°u trong tháº» nÃ y, báº¥t cháº¥p cÃ³ dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘á»‡m hay dáº¥u hiá»‡u sá»Ÿ khá»Ÿi láº¡i. KhÃ´ng nÃªn cÃ³ tháº» nÃ y trong táºp tin khÃ´ng Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n.IntelÄan nhauNá»™i bá»™Ná»™i bá»™ + BÃªn ngoÃ iBáº£ng ÄÃ¨n nhÃ¡y Ná»™i bá»™Lá»—i ná»™i bá»™ (giÃ¡ trá»‹ khÃ´ng rÃµ %hi)Lá»—i ná»™i bá»™ (giÃ¡ trá»‹ khÃ´ng rÃµ %i)Con trá» IFD kháº£ nÄƒng thao tÃ¡c vá»›i nhauIFD kháº£ nÄƒng thao tÃ¡c vá»›i nhau Ä‘Æ°á»£c táº¡o tá»« nhiá»u tháº» lÆ°u thÃ´ng tin Ä‘á»ƒ báº£o Ä‘áº£m kháº£ nÄƒng thao tÃ¡c vá»›i nhau, vÃ Ä‘Æ°á»£c chá»‰ bá»Ÿi tháº» Ä‘áº±ng sau, trong IFD Exif. Cáº¥u trÃºc thao tÃ¡c vá»›i nhau cá»§a IFD thao tÃ¡c vá»›i nhau lÃ cÃ¹ng má»™t cáº¥u trÃºc vá»›i IFD Ä‘Ã£ Ä‘á»‹nh nghÄ©a TIFF, nhÆ°ng khÃ´ng chá»©a dá»¯ liá»‡u áº£nh thÆ°á»ng Ä‘Æ°á»£c so sÃ¡nh vá»›i IFD TIFF chuáº©n.Chá»‰ sá»‘ tÆ°Æ¡ng hÃ nhPhiÃªn báº£n tÆ°Æ¡ng hÃ nhÄá»‹nh dáº¡ng khÃ´ng há»£p lá»‡ "%s", cÃ²n Ä‘á»£i "%s" hay "%s".Äá»‹nh dáº¡ng khÃ´ng há»£p lá»‡ "%s", cáº§n "%s".Sá»‘ thÃ nh pháº§n khÃ´ng há»£p lá»‡ (%i, cáº§n %i hay %i).Sá»‘ thÃ nh pháº§n khÃ´ng há»£p lá»‡ (%i, cáº§n %i).Má»¥c nháºp cÃ³ kÃch cá»¡ khÃ´ng há»£p lá»‡ (%i, cáº§n %li x %i).JPEGÄá»‹nh dáº¡ng hoÃ¡n Ä‘á»•i JPEGÄá»™ dÃ i Äá»‹nh dáº¡ng hoÃ¡n Ä‘á»•i JPEGNÃ©n JPEGTráº» con vÃ thÃº cÆ°ngNÃ©n LZWÄÃ¨nNáº±m ngangCháº¿ Ä‘á»™ náº±m ngang (chá»¥p phong cáº£nh vá»›i ná»n rÃµ)Lá»›nVÄ© Ä‘á»™Äá»™ vÄ© Ä‘ÃchTrÃ¡iTrÃ¡i qua pháº£iTrÃ¡i-dÆ°á»›iTrÃ¡i-giá»¯aTrÃ¡i-pháº£iTrÃ¡i-trÃªná»ng kÃnhTham sá»‘ MÃ©o mÃ³ á»ng kÃnhCÃ¡c Ä‘á»™ má»Ÿ á»ng kÃnhThÃ´ng tin á»‘ng kÃnhNhiá»‡t Ä‘á»™ á»‘ng kÃnhKiá»ƒu á»‘ng kÃnhÄiá»u kiá»‡n Ã¡nh sÃ¡ngNguá»“n 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Äá»‹nh dáº¡ng nÃ³ Ä‘Ã£ Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘áº·t thÃ nh "chÆ°a Ä‘á»‹nh nghÄ©a".Tháº» "NgÆ°á»i dÃ¹ng Ghi chÃº" Ä‘Ã£ Ä‘Æ°á»£c má»Ÿ rá»™ng Ä‘áº¿n Ãt nháº¥t 8 byte Ä‘á»ƒ tÃ¹y theo Ä‘áº·c táº£.Tháº» "NgÆ°á»i dÃ¹ng Ghi chÃº" khÃ¡c trá»‘ng mÃ khÃ´ng báº¯t Ä‘áº§u vá»›i dáº¥u hiá»‡u Ä‘á»‹nh dáº¡ng: Ä‘Ã£ Ä‘Æ°á»£c sá»a.Tháº» "GhichÃºNgÆ°á»idÃ¹ng" (UserComment) chá»©a dá»¯ liá»‡u nhÆ°ng dá»±a vÃ o Ä‘áº·c táº£.Tamron AF Aspherical 28-200mm f/3.8-5.6Tamron SP AF 300mm f/2.8 LD IFKháº©u Ä‘á»™ Ä‘ÃchThá»i gian phÆ¡i sÃ¡ng Ä‘ÃchVÄƒn báº£nSá»‘ F.PhiÃªn báº£n Ä‘á»‹nh dáº¡ng FlashPix Ä‘Æ°á»£c há»— trá»£ bá»Ÿi táºp tin FPXR.TiÃªu cá»± tháºt cá»§a á»‘ng kÃnh, theo milimÃ©t. KhÃ´ng chuyá»ƒn Ä‘á»•i sang tiÃªu cá»± cá»§a mÃ¡y áº£nh phim 35mm.Sáº¯c Ä‘á»™ cá»§a ba mÃ u chÃnh cá»§a áº£nh. BÃ¬nh thÆ°á»ng, khÃ´ng cáº§n tháº» nÃ y, vÃ¬ miá»n mÃ u Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi rÃµ trong tháº» thÃ´ng tin miá»n mÃ u ().Sáº¯c Ä‘á»™ cá»§a Ä‘iá»ƒm tráº¯ng cá»§a áº£nh. BÃ¬nh thÆ°á»ng, khÃ´ng cáº§n tháº» nÃ y, vÃ¬ miá»n mÃ u Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi rÃµ trong tháº» thÃ´ng tin miá»n mÃ u ().Háº¡ng cá»§a chÆ°Æ¡ng trÃ¬nh Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng bá»Ÿi mÃ¡y áº£nh Ä‘á»ƒ Ä‘áº·t Ä‘á»™ phÆ¡i sÃ¡ng khi chá»¥p áº£nh.Tháº» thÃ´ng tin miá»n mÃ u luÃ´n luÃ´n Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi lÆ°u nhÆ° lÃ bá»™ ghi rÃµ miá»n mÃ u. BÃ¬nh thÆ°á»ng, Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng Ä‘á»ƒ xÃ¡c Ä‘á»‹nh miá»n mÃ u dá»±a vÃ o Ä‘iá»u kiá»‡n mÃ n hÃ¬nh vÃ mÃ´i trÆ°á»ng mÃ¡y tÃnh. DÃ¹ng miá»n mÃ u khÃ¡c vá»›i sRGB thÃ¬ ChÆ°a Ä‘á»‹nh chuáº©n (=FFFF.H) Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘áº·t. Dá»¯ liá»‡u áº£nh Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi lÆ°u dáº¡ng ChÆ°a Ä‘á»‹nh chuáº©n cÃ³ thá»ƒ Ä‘Æ°á»£c xá» lÃ½ dáº¡ng sRGB khi Ä‘Æ°á»£c chuyá»ƒn Ä‘á»•i sang FlashPix.LÆ°á»£c Ä‘á»“ nÃ©n Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng cho dá»¯ liá»‡u áº£nh. Khi má»™t áº£nh chÃnh Ä‘Æ°á»£c nÃ©n dáº¡ng JPEG, sá»± chá»‰ rÃµ nÃ y khÃ´ng cáº§n thiáº¿t nÃªn bá»‹ bá» Ä‘i. Khi hÃ¬nh thu nhá» dÃ¹ng nÃ©n JPEG, giÃ¡ trá»‹ tháº» nÃ y Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘áº·t lÃ 6.Dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Æ°á»£c cung cáº¥p khÃ´ng tÃ¹y theo Ä‘áº·c táº£.Dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Æ°á»£c cung cáº¥p cÃ³ váº» khÃ´ng chá»©a dá»¯ liá»‡u EXIF.NgÃ y vÃ giá»Ÿ táº¡o áº£nh. Trong tiÃªu chuáº©n nÃ y (EXIF-2.1), nÃ³ lÃ ngÃ y vÃ giá» sá»a Ä‘á»•i táºp tin.NgÃ y thÃ¡ng vÃ thá»i gian lÆ°u áº£nh dÆ°á»›i dáº¡ng dá»¯ liá»‡u sá»‘.NgÃ y vÃ giá» táº¡o áº£nh gá»‘c. Äá»‘i vá»›i mÃ¡y áº£nh tÄ©nh sá»‘, cÃ³ ghi lÆ°u ngÃ y vÃ giá» chá»¥p áº£nh.Khoáº£ng cÃ¡ch tá»›i chá»§ Ä‘á», ghi theo mÃ©t.Khuynh hÆ°á»›ng cá»§a sá»± phÆ¡i sÃ¡ng. ÄÆ¡n vá»‹ lÃ giÃ¡ trá»‹ APEX. BÃ¬nh thÆ°á»ng, nÃ³ Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘Æ°a ra trong pháº¡m vi "-99.99 â€¦ 99.99".KhÃ´ng thá»ƒ má»Ÿ táºp tin "%s".HÆ°á»›ng cá»§a áº£nh, theo hÃ ng vÃ cá»™t.Kiá»ƒu nguá»“n Ã¡nh dÃ¡ng.Kháº©u Ä‘á»™ á»‘ng kÃnh. ÄÆ¡n vá»‹ lÃ giÃ¡ trá»‹ APEX.HÃ£ng cháº¿ táº¡o thiáº¿t bá»‹ thu thanh. NÃ³ lÃ hÃ£ng cháº¿ táº¡o DSC, mÃ¡y quÃ©t, bá»™ sá»‘ tá»± hÃ³a áº£nh Ä‘á»™ng hay thiáº¿t bá»‹ khÃ¡c Ä‘Ã£ táº¡o ra áº£nh. Khi trÆ°á»ng trá»‘ng, nÃ³ Ä‘Æ°á»£c xá» lÃ½ lÃ khÃ´ng rÃµ.Nhá»¯ng há»‡ sá»‘ ma tráºn Ä‘á»ƒ chuyá»ƒn Ä‘á»•i tá»« dá»¯ liá»‡u áº£nh kiá»ƒu RGB sang YCbCr. KhÃ´ng cÃ³ giÃ¡ trá»‹ máº·c Ä‘á»‹nh theo TIFF; á»Ÿ Ä‘Ã¢y dÃ¹ng máº·c Ä‘á»‹nh lÃ giÃ¡ trá»‹ Ä‘Æ°a ra trong "HÆ°á»›ng dáº«n Miá»n MÃ u". Miá»n mÃ u Ä‘Æ°á»£c khai bÃ¡o trong má»™t tháº» thÃ´ng tin miá»n mÃ u, vá»›i giÃ¡ trá»‹ máº·c Ä‘á»‹nh lÃ giÃ¡ trá»‹ cho phÃ©p thao tÃ¡c vá»›i nhau Ä‘áº·c tuyáº¿n áº£nh tá»‘t nháº¥t vá»›i Ä‘iá»u kiá»‡n nÃ y.Cháº¿ Ä‘á»™ Ä‘o.TÃªn hay sá»‘ mÃ´ hÃ¬nh cá»§a thiáº¿t bá»‹. GiÃ¡ trá»‹ nÃ y lÃ tÃªn hay sá»‘ mÃ´ hÃ¬nh cá»§a DSC, mÃ¡y quÃ©t, bá»™ sá»‘ tá»± hÃ³a áº£nh Ä‘á»™ng hay thiáº¿t bá»‹ khÃ¡c Ä‘Ã£ táº¡o ra áº£nh. Khi trÆ°á»ng trá»‘ng, nÃ³ Ä‘Æ°á»£c xá» lÃ½ lÃ khÃ´ng rÃµ.Sá»‘ bit trong má»—i thÃ nh pháº§n áº£nh. Äá»‘i vá»›i tiÃªu chuáº©n nÃ y, má»—i thÃ nh pháº§n cá»§a áº£nh chiáº¿m 8 bit, thÃ¬ giÃ¡ trá»‹ cá»§a tháº» nÃ y lÃ 8. Xem thÃªm (máº«u trÃªn Ä‘á»‹á»ƒm áº£nh). Trong dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n JPEG, má»™t dáº¥u hiá»‡u JPEG Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng thay vÃ o tháº» nÃ y.Sá»‘ byte dá»¯ liá»‡u hÃ¬nh thu nhá» Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n JPEG. KhÃ´ng dÃ¹ng cho dá»¯ liá»‡u JPEG áº£nh chÃnh. HÃ¬nh thu nhá» JPEG khÃ´ng Ä‘Æ°á»£c chia ra, nhÆ°ng Ä‘Æ°á»£c thu thanh dáº¡ng luá»“ng bit JPEG liÃªn tá»¥c tá»« SOI Ä‘áº¿n EOI. Dáº¥u hiá»‡u Appn vÃ COM khÃ´ng nÃªn Ä‘Æ°á»£c thu thanh. HÃ¬nh thu nhá» Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n pháº£i Ä‘Æ°á»£c thu thanh á»Ÿ trong 64 Kb, gá»“m cÃ¡c dá»¯ liá»‡u cáº§n thu thanh trong APP1.Sá»‘ cá»™t dá»¯ liá»‡u áº£nh, báº±ng sá»‘ Ä‘iá»ƒm áº£nh trong má»—i hÃ ng. Trong dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n JPEG, má»™t dáº¥u hiá»‡u JPEG Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng thay vÃ o tháº» nÃ y.Sá»‘ thÃ nh pháº§n trÃªn má»—i Ä‘iá»ƒm áº£nh. VÃ¬ tiÃªu chuáº©n nÃ y Ã¡p dá»¥ng vÃ o áº£nh kiá»ƒu RGB vÃ YCbCr, giÃ¡ trá»‹ Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘áº·t cho tháº» nÃ y lÃ 3. Trong dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n JPEG, má»™t dáº¥u hiá»‡u JPEG Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng thay vÃ o tháº» nÃ y.Sá»‘ Ä‘iá»ƒm áº£nh trÃªn má»—i <Ä‘Æ¡n vá»‹ phÃ¢n giáº£i> vá» hÆ°á»›ng . Khi khÃ´ng biáº¿t Ä‘á»™ phÃ¢n giáº£i cá»§a áº£nh, giÃ¡ trá»‹ máº·c Ä‘á»‹nh lÃ 72 [dpi, cháº¥m trÃªn má»—i insÆ¡ bÃ¬nh phÆ°Æ¡ng].Sá»‘ Ä‘iá»ƒm áº£nh trÃªn má»—i <Ä‘Æ¡n vá»‹ phÃ¢n giáº£i> vá» hÆ°á»›ng . Khi khÃ´ng biáº¿t Ä‘á»™ phÃ¢n giáº£i cá»§a áº£nh, giÃ¡ trá»‹ máº·c Ä‘á»‹nh lÃ 72 [dpi, cháº¥m trÃªn má»—i insÆ¡ bÃ¬nh phÆ°Æ¡ng].Sá»‘ hÃ ng dá»¯ liá»‡u áº£nh. Trong dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n JPEG, má»™t dáº¥u hiá»‡u JPEG Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng thay vÃ o tháº» nÃ y.Sá»‘ hÃ ng trÃªn má»—i máº£nh, sá»‘ hÃ ng trong áº£nh cá»§a má»™t mÃ£nh khi áº£nh chia cho nhiá»u máº£nh. Äá»‘i vá»›i dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n JPEG, khÃ´ng cáº§n sá»± chá»‰ rÃµ nÃ y nÃªn nÃ³ bá»‹ bá» Ä‘i. Xem them vÃ .Hiá»‡u sá»‘ tá»›i byte Ä‘áº§u (SOI) cÅ©a dá»¯ liá»‡u hÃ¬nh thu nhá» Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n JPEG. KhÃ´ng dÃ¹ng cho dá»¯ liá»‡u JPEG áº£nh chÃnh.Sá»± há»£p thÃ nh Ä‘iá»ƒm áº£nh. Trong dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n JPEG, má»™t dáº¥u hiá»‡u JPEG Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng thay vÃ o tháº» nÃ y.Vá»‹ trÃ cá»§a thÃ nh pháº§n Ä‘á»™ mÃ u so sÃ¡nh vá»›i thÃ nh pháº§n Ä‘á»™ sÃ¡ng. TrÆ°á»ng nÃ y hoáº¡t Ä‘á»™ng chá»‰ cho dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n JPEG hay cho dá»¯ liá»‡u YCbCr chÆ°a nÃ©n. GiÃ¡ trá»‹ TIFF máº·c Ä‘á»‹nh lÃ 1 (giá»¯a láº¡i); nhÆ°ng khi , trong tiÃªu chuáº©n nÃ y khuyÃªn dÃ¹ng 2 (Ä‘á»‹nh vá»‹ vá»›i nhau) Ä‘á»ƒ thu thanh dá»¯ liá»‡u, Ä‘á»ƒ tÄƒng cháº¥t lÆ°á»£ng áº£nh khi xem trÃªn há»‡ thá»‘ng TV. Khi khÃ´ng cÃ³ trÆ°á»ng nÃ y, thiáº¿t bá»‹ Ä‘á»c sáº½ giáº£ sá» giÃ¡ trá»‹ TIFF máº·c Ä‘á»‹nh. Khi , khuyÃªn dÃ¹ng giÃ¡ trá»‹ TIFF máº·c Ä‘á»‹nh (giá»¯a láº¡i). Náº¿u thiáº¿t bá»‹ Ä‘á»c khÃ´ng cÃ³ kháº£ nÄƒng há»— trá»£ cáº£ hai kiá»ƒu <Ä‘á»‹nh vá»‹ YCbCr>, nÃ³ sáº½ dÃ¹ng giÃ¡ trá»‹ TIFF máº·c Ä‘á»‹nh, bá» qua giÃ¡ trá»‹ nÃ o trong trÆ°á»ng nÃ y. Tá»‘t hÆ¡n khi thiáº¿t bá»‹ Ä‘á»c há»— trá»£ cáº£ hai viá»‡c Ä‘á»‹nh vá»‹ giá»¯a láº¡i (centred) vÃ Ä‘á»‹nh vá»‹ vá»›i nhau (co-sited).GiÃ¡ trá»‹ Ä‘iá»ƒm mÃ u Ä‘en tham chiáº¿u vÃ giÃ¡ trá»‹ Ä‘iá»ƒm mÃ u tráº¯ng tham chiáº¿u. KhÃ´ng cÃ³ giÃ¡ trá»‹ TIFF máº·c Ä‘á»‹nh, nhÆ°ng nhá»¯ng giÃ¡ trá»‹ bÃªn dÆ°á»›i lÃ máº·c Ä‘á»‹nh trong trÆ°á»ng há»£p nÃ y. Miá»n mÃ u Ä‘Æ°á»£c khai bÃ¡o trong tháº» thÃ´ng tin miá»n mÃ u, vá»›i giÃ¡ trá»‹ máº·c Ä‘á»‹nh lÃ giÃ¡ trá»‹ cho phÃ©p thao tÃ¡c vá»›i nhau Ä‘áº·c tuyáº¿n áº£nh tá»‘t nháº¥t vá»›i Ä‘iá»u kiá»‡n nÃ y.Tá»· lá»‡ láº¥y máº«u cá»§a thÃ nh pháº§n Ä‘á»™ mÃ u so sÃ¡nh vá»›i thÃ nh pháº§n Ä‘á»™ sÃ¡ng. Trong dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n JPEG, má»™t dáº¥u hiá»‡u JPEG Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng thay vÃ o tháº» nÃ y.Sá»‘ F nhá» nháº¥t cá»§a á»‘ng kÃnh. ÄÆ¡n vá»‹ lÃ giÃ¡ trá»‹ APEX. BÃ¬nh thÆ°á»ng, nÃ³ Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘Æ°a ra trong pháº¡m vi <00.00 â€¦ 99.99>, nhÆ°ng mÃ nÃ³ váº«n khÃ´ng bá»‹ giá»›i háº¡n thÃ nh pháº¡m vi nÃ y.Há»‡ thá»‘ng khÃ´ng thá»ƒ cung cáº¥p Ä‘á»§ bá»™ nhá»›.Tháº» "%s" chá»©a sá»‘ thÃ nh pháº§n khÃ´ng há»£p lá»‡ (%i, cáº§n %i).Tháº» "%s" chá»©a dá»¯ liá»‡u á»Ÿ Ä‘á»‹nh dáº¡ng khÃ´ng há»£p lá»‡ ("%s", cáº§n "%s").Tá»•ng sá»‘ byte trÃªn má»—i máº£nh. Trong dá»¯ liá»‡u Ä‘Ã£ nÃ©n JPEG, má»™t dáº¥u hiá»‡u JPEG Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng thay vÃ o tháº» nÃ y.ÄÆ¡n vá»‹ Ä‘o <Ä‘á»™ phÃ¢n giáº£i X> vÃ <Ä‘á»™ phÃ¢n giáº£i Y> (cÃ¹ng má»™t Ä‘Æ¡n vá»‹ cho cáº£ hai giÃ¡ trá»‹). Náº¿u khÃ´ng biáº¿t Ä‘á»™ phÃ¢n giáº£i cá»§a áº£nh, cÃ³ Ä‘áº·t giÃ¡ trá»‹ 2 (insÆ¡).GiÃ¡ trá»‹ cá»§a Ä‘á»™ sÃ¡ng. ÄÆ¡n vá»‹ lÃ giÃ¡ trá»‹ APEX. BÃ¬nh thÆ°á»ng, nÃ³ Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘Æ°a ra trong VÃ¹ng <-99.99 â€¦ 99.99>.PhiÃªn báº£n tiÃªu chuáº©n nÃ y Ä‘Æ°á»£c há»— trá»£. Náº¿u khÃ´ng cÃ³ trÆ°á»ng nÃ y, giáº£ sá» khÃ´ng tuÃ¢n theo tiÃªu chuáº©n.Con sá»‘ nÃ y váº«n duy nháº¥t, dá»±a vÃ o ngÃ y thÃ¡ng cháº¿ táº¡o.Tháº» nÃ y cho biáº¿t dáº¥u nháºn diá»‡n Ä‘Æ°á»£c gÃ¡n má»™t cÃ¡ch duy nháº¥t cho má»—i áº£nh. NÃ³ Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi lÆ°u dáº¡ng chuá»—i ASCII tÆ°Æ¡ng tÆ°Æ¡ng vá»›i cÃ¡ch ghi há»‡ tháºp lá»¥c phÃ¢n vÃ Ä‘á»™ dÃ i cá»‘ Ä‘á»‹nh 12-bit.Tháº» nÃ y cho biáº¿t thÃ´ng tin vá» nhá»¯ng Ä‘iá»u kiá»‡n chá»¥p áº£nh cá»§a má»™t mÃ´ hÃ¬nh mÃ¡y áº£nh nÃ o Ä‘Ã³. Tháº» nÃ y dÃ¹ng chá»‰ Ä‘á»ƒ cho biáº¿t nhá»¯ng Ä‘iá»u kiá»‡n chá»¥p áº£nh trong bá»™ Ä‘á»c.Tháº» nÃ y cho biáº¿t Ä‘á»™ Ä‘iá»u chá»‰nh khuáº¿ch Ä‘áº¡i áº£nh toÃ n bá»™.Tháº» nÃ y cho biáº¿t tá»· lá»‡ phÃ³ng to sá»‘ vÃ o lÃºc chá»¥p áº£nh. Náº¿u tá» sá»‘ cá»§a giÃ¡ trá»‹ Ä‘Ã£ ghi lÆ°u lÃ 0, kháº£ nÄƒng phÃ³ng to sá»‘ Ä‘Ã£ khÃ´ng dÃ¹ng.Tháº» nÃ y cho biáº¿t hÆ°á»›ng xá» lÃ½ Ä‘á»™ tÆ°Æ¡ng pháº£n Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ã¡p dá»¥ng bá»Ÿi mÃ¡y áº£nh vÃ o lÃºc chá»¥p áº£nh.Tháº» nÃ y cho biáº¿t hÆ°á»›ng xá» lÃ½ Ä‘á»™ bÃ£o hÃ²a Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ã¡p dá»¥ng bá»Ÿi mÃ¡y áº£nh vÃ o lÃºc chá»¥p áº£nh.Tháº» nÃ y cho biáº¿t hÆ°á»›ng xá» lÃ½ Ä‘á»™ sáº¯c Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ã¡p dá»¥ng bá»Ÿi mÃ¡y áº£nh vÃ o lÃºc chá»¥p áº£nh.Tháº» nÃ y cho biáº¿t khoáº£ng cÃ¡ch tá»›i chá»§ thá»ƒ.Tháº» nÃ y cho biáº¿t tiÃªu cá»± tÆ°Æ¡ng Ä‘Æ°Æ¡ng vá»›i mÃ¡y áº£nh phim 35 mm, tÃnh theo milimÃ©t. GiÃ¡ trá»‹ 0 cÃ³ nghÄ©a lÃ khÃ´ng biáº¿t tiÃªu cá»±. Ghi chÃº ráº±ng tháº» nÃ y khÃ¡c vá»›i tháº» FocalLength (Chiá»u dÃ i láº¥y nÃ©t).Tháº» nÃ y cho biáº¿t cháº¿ Ä‘á»™ phÆ¡i sÃ¡ng Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘áº¯t vÃ o lÃºc chá»¥p áº£nh. Trong cháº¿ Ä‘á»™ tá»± Ä‘á»™ng Ä‘á»‹nh vá»‹ áº£nh giá»¯a ngoáº·c, mÃ¡y áº£nh chá»¥p má»™t dÃ£y khung cá»§a cÃ¹ng má»™t cáº£nh táº¡i má»™t sá»‘ cáº¥p phÆ¡i sÃ¡ng khÃ¡c nhau.Tháº» nÃ y cho biáº¿t vá»‹ trÃ vÃ diá»‡n tÃch cá»§a chá»§ thá»ƒ chÃnh trong toÃ n bá»™ cáº£nh.Tháº» nÃ y cho biáº¿t kiá»ƒu cáº£nh Ä‘Ã£ chá»¥p. CÅ©ng cÃ³ thá»ƒ sá» dá»¥ng nÃ³ Ä‘á»ƒ ghi lÆ°u cháº¿ Ä‘á»™ chá»¥p áº£nh. Ghi chÃº ráº±ng nÃ³ khÃ¡c vá»›i tháº» (kiá»ƒu cáº£nh).Tháº» nÃ y cho biáº¿t dá»¯ liá»‡u áº£nh Ä‘Ã£ Ä‘Æ°á»£c xá» lÃ½ má»™t cÃ¡ch Ä‘áº·c biá»‡t, v.d. Ä‘Æ°á»£c váº½ thÃch há»£p vá»›i káº¿t xuáº¥t. Khi viá»‡c xá» lÃ½ Ä‘áº·c biá»‡t Ä‘Ã£ Ä‘Æ°á»£c thá»±c hiá»‡n, ngá» bá»™ Ä‘á»c táº¯t hoáº·c tá»‘i thiá»ƒu hÃ³a viá»‡c xá» lÃ½ thÃªm nÃ o.Tháº» nÃ y cho biáº¿t cháº¿ Ä‘á»™ cÃ¢n báº±ng tráº¯ng Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘áº·t vÃ o lÃºc chá»¥p áº£nh.Tháº» nÃ y Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi lÆ°u khi chá»¥p áº£nh báº±ng Ä‘Ã¨n nhÃ¡y.Tháº» nÃ y dÃ¹ng Ä‘á»ƒ ghi lÆ°u tÃªn táºp tin Ã¢m thanh tÆ°Æ¡ng á»©ng vá»›i dá»¯ liá»‡u áº£nh. ThÃ´ng tin tÆ°Æ¡ng á»©ng duy nháº¥t Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi lÆ°u vÃ o Ä‘Ã¢y lÃ tÃªn vÃ pháº§n má»Ÿ rá»™ng cá»§a táºp tin Ã¢m thanh Exif (má»™t chuá»—i ASCII gá»“m 8 kÃ½ tá»± cá»™ng dáº¥u cháº¥m cá»™ng 3 kÃ½ tá»±: "kkkkkkkk.kkk"). Vá»›i Ä‘iá»u kiá»‡n lÃ tÃªn chuyá»ƒn Ä‘á»•i Ã¢m thanh vÃ táºp tin pháº£i Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ä‘á»‹nh nghÄ©a trong Ä‘áº·c táº£ ká»¹ thuáºt. Khi dÃ¹ng tháº» nÃ y, táºp tin Ã¢m thanh pháº£i Ä‘Æ°á»£c thu vá»›i Ä‘á»‹nh dáº¡ng Ã¢m thanh Exif cÃ³ thá»ƒ hiá»ƒu Ä‘Æ°á»£c. Bá»™ ghi cÅ©ng Ä‘Æ°á»£c phÃ©p lÆ°u dá»¯ liá»‡u nhÆ° Ã¢m thanh á»Ÿ trong APP2, dáº¡ng dá»¯ liá»‡u luá»“ng pháº§n má»Ÿ rá»™ng FlashPix. Viá»‡c Ã¡nh xáº¡ táºp tin kiá»ƒu áº£nh vÃ Ã¢m thanh Exif Ä‘Æ°á»£c thá»±c hiá»‡n báº±ng má»™t cá»§a ba cÃ¡ch, [1], [2] vÃ [3]. Náº¿u nhiá»u táºp tin Ä‘Æ°á»£c Ã¡nh xáº¡ tá»›i cÃ¹ng má»™t táºp tin nhÆ° trong [2] hay [3], Ä‘á»‹nh dáº¡ng trÃªn Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng Ä‘á»ƒ ghi lÆ°u chá»‰ má»™t tÃªn táºp tin Ã¢m thanh. Náº¿u nhiá»u táºp tin Ã¢m thanh, táºp tin ghi Ä‘áº§u tiÃªn Ä‘Æ°á»£c sá» dá»¥ng. Trong trÆ°á»ng há»£p [3], láº¥y thÃ dá»¥, Ä‘á»‘i vá»›i táºp tin áº£nh Exif "DSC00001.JPG", chá»‰ coi "SND00001.WAV" nhÆ° lÃ táºp tin Ã¢m thanh Exif tÆ°Æ¡ng á»©ng. Khi cÃ³ ba táºp tin Ã¢m thanh Exif, "SND00001.WAV", "SND00002.WAV" vÃ "SND00003.WAV", cho biáº¿t ráº±ng táºp tin áº£nh Exif ("DSC00001.JPG") cho cáº£ ba táºp tin Ä‘Ã³. Báº±ng cÃ¡ch há»£p nháº¥t nhiá»u thÃ´ng tin tÆ°Æ¡ng á»©ng khÃ¡c nhau, cÅ©ng cÃ³ thá»ƒ há»— trá»£ nhiá»u kháº£ nÄƒng phÃ¡t láº¡i khÃ¡c nhau. PhÆ°Æ¡ng phÃ¡p sá» dá»¥ng thÃ´ng tin cÃ³ quan há»‡ thÃ¬ nhá» sá»± thá»±c hiá»‡n bÃªn chá»©c nÄƒng phÃ¡t láº¡i. VÃ¬ thÃ´ng tin nÃ y náº±m trong má»™t chuá»—i kÃ½ tá»± ASCII, nÃ³ Ä‘Æ°á»£c NULL cháº¥m dá»©t. Khi tháº» nÃ y Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng Ä‘á»ƒ Ã¡nh xáº¡ táºp tin kiá»ƒu Ã¢m thanh, quan há»‡ giá»¯a táºp tin Ã¢m thanh vÃ dá»¯ liá»‡u áº£nh cÅ©ng pháº£i Ä‘Æ°á»£c chá»‰ ra á»Ÿ cuá»‘i táºp tin Ã¢m thanh.Tháº» nÃ y ghi lÆ°u báº£ng táº§n sá»‘ khÃ´ng gian vÃ cÃ¡c giÃ¡ trá»‹ SFR cá»§a mÃ¡y áº£nh hay thiáº¿t bá»‹ nháºp, vá» hÆ°á»›ng Ä‘á»™ rá»™ng áº£nh, Ä‘á»™ cao áº£nh vÃ hÆ°á»›ng chÃ©o, nhÆ° Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi rÃµ trong ISO 12233.Tháº» nÃ y ghi lÆ°u tÃªn vÃ phiÃªn báº£n cá»§a pháº§n má»m hay pháº§n vá»¯ng cá»§a mÃ¡y áº£nh hay thiáº¿t bá»‹ áº£nh Ä‘Æ°á»£c dÃ¹ng Ä‘á»ƒ táº¡o ra áº£nh. KhÃ´ng ghi rÃµ Ä‘á»‹nh dáº¡ng chi tiáº¿t, nhÆ°ng mÃ khuyÃªn theo thÃ dá»¥ Ä‘Æ°á»£c hiá»ƒn thá»‹ bÃªn dÆ°á»›i. Khi trÆ°á»ng nÃ y trá»‘ng, giÃ¡ trá»‹ Ä‘Æ°á»£c xá» lÃ½ lÃ khÃ´ng rÃµ.Tháº» nÃ y ghi lÆ°u tÃªn cá»§a ngÆ°á»i sá»Ÿ há»¯u mÃ¡y áº£nh, nhÃ nhiáº¿p áº£nh hay ngÆ°á»i táº¡o áº£nh. KhÃ´ng ghi rÃµ Ä‘á»‹nh dáº¡ng chi tiáº¿t, nhÆ°ng mÃ khuyÃªn ghi thÃ´ng tin theo thÃ dá»¥ bÃªn dÆ°á»›i, Ä‘á»ƒ lÃ m dá»… dÃ ng thao thÃ¡c vá»›i nhau. Khi trÆ°á»ng nÃ y trá»‘ng, giÃ¡ trá»‹ Ä‘Æ°á»£c xá» lÃ½ lÃ khÃ´ng rÃµ.Tháº» nÃ y dÃ nh riÃªng sá»©c chá»©a cÃ³ thá»ƒ gÃ¡n láº¡i vá» sau khi thÃªm siÃªu dá»¯ liá»‡u. SiÃªu dá»¯ liá»‡u má»›i cÃ³ thá»ƒ Ä‘Æ°á»£c ghi láº¡i táº¡i chá»— báº±ng cÃ¡ch thay tháº¿ tháº» nÃ y báº±ng má»™t pháº§n tá» dá»¯ liá»‡u nhá» hÆ¡n vÃ sá» dá»¥ng sá»©c chá»©a gÃ¡n láº¡i Ä‘á»ƒ giá»¯ cÃ¡c tháº» siÃªu dá»¯ liá»‡u má»›i hay má»Ÿ rá»™ng.Cáº£m biáº¿n vÃ¹ng mÃ u phiáº¿n ba tinh thá»ƒáº¢nh thu nhá»Giá»MÃºi giá»Hiá»‡u MÃºi Giá»Tokina AF193-2 19-35mm f/3.5-4.5Tokina AT-X280AF PRO 28-80mm F2.8 AsphericalBÃ¹ Sáº¯c MÃ uÄÆ°á»ng cong sáº¯cTrÃªnTrÃªn xuá»‘ng dÆ°á»›iTrÃªn-giá»¯aTrÃ¡i-trÃªnPháº£i-trÃªnTá»•ng sá»‘ áº£nh Ä‘Ã£ chá»¥pHÃ m truyá»nVÃ¹ng truyá»nCáº£m biáº¿n ba tuyáº¿nÄÃ¨n dÃ¢y tÃ³cÃnh sÃ¡ng Ä‘Ã¨n dÃ¢y tÃ³cÆ¯u tiÃªn TVCáº£m biáº¿n vÃ¹ng mÃ u phiáº¿n tinh thá»ƒ Ä‘Ã´iChÆ°a cÃ¢n chuáº©nKhÃ´ng nÃ©nChÆ°a Ä‘á»‹nh nghÄ©aDÆ°á»›i nÆ°á»›cSá»‘ thÃ nh pháº§n báº¥t ngá» (%li, cáº§n 2, 3, hay 4).KhÃ´ng rÃµKhÃ´ng rÃµ %huVá»‹ trÃ AF khÃ´ng rÃµKhÃ´ng biáº¿t phiÃªn báº£n EXIFKhÃ´ng biáº¿t phiÃªn báº£n FlashPixKhÃ´ng biáº¿t báº£ng mÃ£.GiÃ¡ trá»‹ láº¡ %hiKhÃ´ng rÃµ giÃ¡ trá»‹ %iChuá»—i JIS khÃ´ng Ä‘Æ°á»£c há»— trá»£Chuá»—i Unicode khÃ´ng Ä‘Æ°á»£c há»— trá»£TrÃ¡i-trÃªnPháº£i-trÃªnNgÆ°á»i dÃ¹ng 1NgÆ°á»i dÃ¹ng 2NgÆ°á»i dÃ¹ng ghi chÃºTá»± Ä‘áº·t 1Tá»± Ä‘áº·t 2Tá»± Ä‘áº·t 3Tá»± chá»nVGA cÆ¡ báº£nVGA Ä‘áº¹pVGA chuáº©nChÆ°Æ¡ng trÃ¬nh VariRáº¥t gáº§nGiáº£m rungSáº·c sá»¡Ghi nhá»› thoáº¡iKhi náº¡p vÃ lÆ°u láº¡i dá»¯ liá»‡u EXIF, lÆ°u ghi chÃº hÃ£ng cháº¿ táº¡o, khÃ´ng sá»a Ä‘á»•i nÃ³. LÆ°u Ã½ ráº±ng ghi chÃº hÃ£ng cháº¿ táº¡o cÃ³ thá»ƒ bá»‹ há»ng.CÃ¢n báº±ng tráº¯ngÄá»™ lá»‡nh cÃ¢n báº±ng tráº¯ngCÃ¢n báº±ng tráº¯ng hÃ ng loáº¡tChá»‰nh cÃ¢n báº±ng tráº¯ngCháº¿ Ä‘á»™ cÃ¢n báº±ng tráº¯ngRB cÃ¢n báº±ng tráº¯ngCÃ i Ä‘áº·t cÃ¢n báº±ng tráº¯ngBáº£ng Tráº¯ngÄiá»ƒm Tráº¯ngHuá»³nh quang tráº¯ngRá»™ngPháº¡m vi rá»™ngRá»™ng 1 (230%)Rá»™ng 2 (400%)MÃ n hÃ¬nh rá»™ngNháº¥p nhÃ¡yTrong khoáº£ng cÃ¡ch %i trÃªn (x,y) = (%i,%i)Trong há»™p (rá»™ng %i, cao %i) chung quanh (x,y) = (%i,%i)KhÃ´ng nháº¥p nhÃ¡yVá»‹ trÃ Thá»i gian Tháº¿ giá»›iPhÃ¢n giáº£i XGÃ³i tin XMLSiÃªu dá»¯ liá»‡u XMPTÃ¡c giáº£ XPGhi chÃº XPTá»« khÃ³a XPChá»§ Ä‘á» XPTá»±a XPYPhÃ¢n giáº£i YYCbCrHá»‡ sá»‘ YCbCrÄá»‹nh vá»‹ YCbCrPhá»¥ láº¥y máº«u YCbCrYCbCr4:2:0YCbCr4:2:2CÃ³Thu/phÃ³ngRá»™ng Nguá»“n PhÃ³ng toÄáº¿m bÆ°á»›c phÃ³ng toRá»™ng ÄÃch PhÃ³ng to[DO_NOT_TRANSLATE_THIS_MARKER][KhÃ´ng cÃ³]cminsRGB