!TwĜ, d Z ddlmZ ddlZddlZddlZddlmZ ddlmZ ddlm Z ddl
m Z dd l
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dd l
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lmZ ddlmZ ddlmZ ddlmZ ddlmZ ddlmZ ddlmZ ddlmZ ddlmZ ddlmZ ddlm Z ddlm Z e j d Z e j dd Z d Z!d Z"e j# G d d ee j$ Z% G d! d"e
e%e Z& G d# d$e
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e% Z( G d' d(e) Z* G d) d*e*e% Z+ G d+ d,e+ Z, G d- d.e) Z- G d/ d0e-e+ Z.e j# G d1 d2e*e Z/ G d3 d4e/ Z0 e j1 d5d6 G d7 d8e0 Z2 G d9 d:e
e% Z3d; Z4d< Z5 G d= d>e) Z6 G d? d@e6e3 Z7 G dA dBe7 Z8 G dC dDe7 Z9 G dE dFe7 Z: G dG dHe7 Z; G dI dJe
e6e% Z< e j= dKdLi Z> G dM dNe% Z? G dO dPe? Z@ G dQ dRe) ZA eAd ZBeAjC ZC G dS dTe/e% ZDdS )Ua/ The schema module provides the building blocks for database metadata.
Each element within this module describes a database entity which can be
created and dropped, or is otherwise part of such an entity. Examples include
tables, columns, sequences, and indexes.
All entities are subclasses of :class:`~sqlalchemy.schema.SchemaItem`, and as
defined in this module they are intended to be agnostic of any vendor-specific
constructs.
A collection of entities are grouped into a unit called
:class:`~sqlalchemy.schema.MetaData`. MetaData serves as a logical grouping of
schema elements, and can also be associated with an actual database connection
such that operations involving the contained elements can contact the database
as needed.
Two of the elements here also build upon their "syntactic" counterparts, which
are defined in :class:`~sqlalchemy.sql.expression.`, specifically
:class:`~sqlalchemy.schema.Table` and :class:`~sqlalchemy.schema.Column`.
Since these objects are part of the SQL expression language, they are usable
as components in SQL expressions.
)absolute_importN )ddl)type_api)visitors)_bind_or_error)ColumnCollection)
DialectKWArgs)SchemaEventTarget)
_as_truncated)_document_text_coercion)_literal_as_text)
ClauseElement) ColumnClause)
ColumnElement) quoted_name)
TextClause) TableClause event)exc)
inspection)util
retain_schema blank_schemazSymbol indicating that a :class:`_schema.Table` or :class:`.Sequence`
should have 'None' for its schema, even if the parent
:class:`_schema.MetaData` has specified a schema.
.. versionadded:: 1.0.14
c || S |dz | z S )N. )nameschemas i/builddir/build/BUILD/cloudlinux-venv-1.0.10/venv/lib64/python3.11/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/schema.py_get_table_keyr# I s
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SchemaItemz3Base class for items that define a database schema. schema_itemc |D ]Z}|V |j } || # t $ r5}t j t j d|z | Y d}~Rd}~ww xY w[dS )z7Initialize the list of child items for this SchemaItem.NzJ'SchemaItem' object, such as a 'Column' or a 'Constraint' expected, got %r)replace_context)_set_parent_with_dispatchAttributeErrorr raise_r
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A+AAc g S )z"used to allow SchemaVisitor accessr r= kwargss r" get_childrenzSchemaItem.get_children{ s r$ c 0 t j | dg S )Ninfo)
omit_kwargr generic_reprr= s r" __repr__zSchemaItem.__repr__ s 6(;;;;r$ 0.9zThe :attr:`.SchemaItem.quote` attribute is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Use the :attr:`.quoted_name.quote` attribute on the ``name`` field of the target schema item to retrievequoted status.c | j j S )zReturn the value of the ``quote`` flag passed
to this schema object, for those schema items which
have a ``name`` field.
)r quoterL s r" rP zSchemaItem.quote s y r$ c i S )aZ Info dictionary associated with the object, allowing user-defined
data to be associated with this :class:`.SchemaItem`.
The dictionary is automatically generated when first accessed.
It can also be specified in the constructor of some objects,
such as :class:`_schema.Table` and :class:`_schema.Column`.
r rL s r" rH zSchemaItem.info s r$ c d| j v r | j |_ |j | j |S )NrH )__dict__rH copydispatch_update)r= r6 s r" _schema_item_copyz SchemaItem._schema_item_copy sB T] " " #y~~ / /K $$T]333r$ c . | || S r' )get)r= effective_schemamap_s r" _translate_schemaz SchemaItem._translate_schema s xx(*:;;;r$ N)__name__
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deprecatedrP memoized_propertyrH rW r\ r r$ r" r5 r5 c s =="N $ < < < T_
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< < < < , )``
which will be passed to :func:`.event.listen` upon construction.
This alternate hook to :func:`.event.listen` allows the establishment
of a listener function specific to this :class:`_schema.Table` before
the "autoload" process begins. Particularly useful for
the :meth:`.DDLEvents.column_reflect` event::
def listen_for_reflect(table, column_info):
"handle the column reflection event"
# ...
t = Table(
'sometable',
autoload=True,
listeners=[
('column_reflect', listen_for_reflect)
])
:param mustexist: When ``True``, indicates that this Table must already
be present in the given :class:`_schema.MetaData` collection, else
an exception is raised.
:param prefixes:
A list of strings to insert after CREATE in the CREATE TABLE
statement. They will be separated by spaces.
:param quote: Force quoting of this table's name on or off, corresponding
to ``True`` or ``False``. When left at its default of ``None``,
the column identifier will be quoted according to whether the name is
case sensitive (identifiers with at least one upper case character are
treated as case sensitive), or if it's a reserved word. This flag
is only needed to force quoting of a reserved word which is not known
by the SQLAlchemy dialect.
:param quote_schema: same as 'quote' but applies to the schema identifier.
:param schema: The schema name for this table, which is required if
the table resides in a schema other than the default selected schema
for the engine's database connection. Defaults to ``None``.
If the owning :class:`_schema.MetaData` of this :class:`_schema.Table`
specifies its
own :paramref:`_schema.MetaData.schema` parameter,
then that schema name will
be applied to this :class:`_schema.Table`
if the schema parameter here is set
to ``None``. To set a blank schema name on a :class:`_schema.Table`
that
would otherwise use the schema set on the owning
:class:`_schema.MetaData`,
specify the special symbol :attr:`.BLANK_SCHEMA`.
.. versionadded:: 1.0.14 Added the :attr:`.BLANK_SCHEMA` symbol to
allow a :class:`_schema.Table`
to have a blank schema name even when the
parent :class:`_schema.MetaData` specifies
:paramref:`_schema.MetaData.schema`.
The quoting rules for the schema name are the same as those for the
``name`` parameter, in that quoting is applied for reserved words or
case-sensitive names; to enable unconditional quoting for the schema
name, specify the flag ``quote_schema=True`` to the constructor, or use
the :class:`.quoted_name` construct to specify the name.
:param useexisting: the same as :paramref:`_schema.Table.extend_existing`.
:param comment: Optional string that will render an SQL comment on table
creation.
.. versionadded:: 1.2 Added the :paramref:`_schema.Table.comment`
parameter
to :class:`_schema.Table`.
:param \**kw: Additional keyword arguments not mentioned above are
dialect specific, and passed in the form ``_``.
See the documentation regarding an individual dialect at
:ref:`dialect_toplevel` for detail on documented arguments.
r* )0.7zThe :paramref:`_schema.Table.useexisting` parameter is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use :paramref:`_schema.Table.extend_existing`.) useexistingc |st | S |d |d |dd }}}n # t $ r t d w xY w| dd }||j }n |t u rd }| dd }| dd }d |v r.|rd
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keep_existingFextend_existingrh z/useexisting is synonymous with extend_existing.z9keep_existing and extend_existing are mutually exclusive. mustexistzTable '%s' is already defined for this MetaData instance. Specify 'extend_existing=True' to redefine options and columns on an existing Table object.zTable '%s' not defined)object__new__
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rN zThe :meth:`.SchemaItem.quote` method is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Use the :attr:`.quoted_name.quote` attribute on the ``schema`` field of the target schema item to retrieve quoted status.c | j j S )zeReturn the value of the ``quote_schema`` flag passed
to this :class:`_schema.Table`.
)r! rP rL s r" quote_schemazTable.quote_schema5 s { r$ c dS )zConstructor for :class:`_schema.Table`.
This method is a no-op. See the top-level
documentation for :class:`_schema.Table`
for constructor arguments.
Nr )r= r> r~ s r" __init__zTable.__init__D s r$ c t t | t || dd || _ | dd | _ | j
|j | _ nF| j t u rd | _ n0| dd }t | j | | _ t | _ t | _
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c | j S r' )_creation_order)r, s r" z+Table._sorted_constraints.. s a6G r$ r+ )sortedr rL s r" _sorted_constraintszTable._sorted_constraints s d&,G,GHHHHr$ c > t d | j D S )a :class:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint` objects referred to by this
:class:`_schema.Table`.
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:class:`_schema.ForeignKey`
objects currently associated.
.. versionadded:: 1.0.0
c 3 $ K | ] }|j V d S r' )
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r r$ c | j j S r' ) primary_key_autoincrement_columnrL s r" r zTable._autoincrement_column
s 55r$ c 6 t | j | j S )a Return the 'key' for this :class:`_schema.Table`.
This value is used as the dictionary key within the
:attr:`_schema.MetaData.tables` collection. It is typically the same
as that of :attr:`_schema.Table.name` for a table with no
:attr:`_schema.Table.schema`
set; otherwise it is typically of the form
``schemaname.tablename``.
)r# r r! rL s r" r+ z Table.key s di555r$ c dd t j gt j gz d j D z fddD z z S )Nz Table(%s), c , g | ]}t | S r reprr xs r" r z"Table.__repr__..# s ---1tAww---r$ c
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Table.__str__' s d . << s ( ((.....r$ c 0 | | dS )a Append a :class:`_schema.Constraint` to this
:class:`_schema.Table`.
This has the effect of the constraint being included in any
future CREATE TABLE statement, assuming specific DDL creation
events have not been associated with the given
:class:`_schema.Constraint` object.
Note that this does **not** produce the constraint within the
relational database automatically, for a table that already exists
in the database. To add a constraint to an
existing relational database table, the SQL ALTER command must
be used. SQLAlchemy also provides the
:class:`.AddConstraint` construct which can produce this SQL when
invoked as an executable clause.
Nr )r= r s r" append_constraintzTable.append_constraintT s & ,,T22222r$ rg zthe :meth:`_schema.Table.append_ddl_listener` method is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please refer to :class:`.DDLEvents`.c p fd}t j | d dd z | dS )z.Append a DDL event listener to this ``Table``.c " | | d S r' r )target
connectionr~
event_namelisteners r" adapt_listenerz1Table.append_ddl_listener..adapt_listeners s HZ 4 4 4 4 4r$ -_Nr r r0 r= r r r s `` r" append_ddl_listenerzTable.append_ddl_listeneri sS 5 5 5 5 5 5 T2
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Return a copy of this :class:`_schema.Table`
associated with a different
:class:`_schema.MetaData`.
E.g.::
m1 = MetaData()
user = Table('user', m1, Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True))
m2 = MetaData()
user_copy = user.tometadata(m2)
:param metadata: Target :class:`_schema.MetaData` object,
into which the
new :class:`_schema.Table` object will be created.
:param schema: optional string name indicating the target schema.
Defaults to the special symbol :attr:`.RETAIN_SCHEMA` which indicates
that no change to the schema name should be made in the new
:class:`_schema.Table`. If set to a string name, the new
:class:`_schema.Table`
will have this new name as the ``.schema``. If set to ``None``, the
schema will be set to that of the schema set on the target
:class:`_schema.MetaData`, which is typically ``None`` as well,
unless
set explicitly::
m2 = MetaData(schema='newschema')
# user_copy_one will have "newschema" as the schema name
user_copy_one = user.tometadata(m2, schema=None)
m3 = MetaData() # schema defaults to None
# user_copy_two will have None as the schema name
user_copy_two = user.tometadata(m3, schema=None)
:param referred_schema_fn: optional callable which can be supplied
in order to provide for the schema name that should be assigned
to the referenced table of a :class:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint`.
The callable accepts this parent :class:`_schema.Table`, the
target schema that we are changing to, the
:class:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint` object, and the existing
"target schema" of that constraint. The function should return the
string schema name that should be applied.
E.g.::
def referred_schema_fn(table, to_schema,
constraint, referred_schema):
if referred_schema == 'base_tables':
return referred_schema
else:
return to_schema
new_table = table.tometadata(m2, schema="alt_schema",
referred_schema_fn=referred_schema_fn)
.. versionadded:: 0.9.2
:param name: optional string name indicating the target table name.
If not specified or None, the table name is retained. This allows
a :class:`_schema.Table` to be copied to the same
:class:`_schema.MetaData` target
with a new name.
.. versionadded:: 1.0.0
NzBTable '%s' already exists within the given MetaData - not copying.r )r! r )r! r/ c 2 g | ]}t | S r )r3 )r exprr= r* s r" r z$Table.tometadata..4 s5 %T477 r$ )unique_table)r
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Construct a new ``Column`` object.
:param name: The name of this column as represented in the database.
This argument may be the first positional argument, or specified
via keyword.
Names which contain no upper case characters
will be treated as case insensitive names, and will not be quoted
unless they are a reserved word. Names with any number of upper
case characters will be quoted and sent exactly. Note that this
behavior applies even for databases which standardize upper
case names as case insensitive such as Oracle.
The name field may be omitted at construction time and applied
later, at any time before the Column is associated with a
:class:`_schema.Table`. This is to support convenient
usage within the :mod:`~sqlalchemy.ext.declarative` extension.
:param type\_: The column's type, indicated using an instance which
subclasses :class:`~sqlalchemy.types.TypeEngine`. If no arguments
are required for the type, the class of the type can be sent
as well, e.g.::
# use a type with arguments
Column('data', String(50))
# use no arguments
Column('level', Integer)
The ``type`` argument may be the second positional argument
or specified by keyword.
If the ``type`` is ``None`` or is omitted, it will first default to
the special type :class:`.NullType`. If and when this
:class:`_schema.Column` is made to refer to another column using
:class:`_schema.ForeignKey` and/or
:class:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint`, the type
of the remote-referenced column will be copied to this column as
well, at the moment that the foreign key is resolved against that
remote :class:`_schema.Column` object.
.. versionchanged:: 0.9.0
Support for propagation of type to a :class:`_schema.Column`
from its
:class:`_schema.ForeignKey` object has been improved and should be
more reliable and timely.
:param \*args: Additional positional arguments include various
:class:`.SchemaItem` derived constructs which will be applied
as options to the column. These include instances of
:class:`.Constraint`, :class:`_schema.ForeignKey`,
:class:`.ColumnDefault`,
:class:`.Sequence`, :class:`.Computed`. In some cases an
equivalent keyword argument is available such as ``server_default``,
``default`` and ``unique``.
:param autoincrement: Set up "auto increment" semantics for an integer
primary key column. The default value is the string ``"auto"``
which indicates that a single-column primary key that is of
an INTEGER type with no stated client-side or python-side defaults
should receive auto increment semantics automatically;
all other varieties of primary key columns will not. This
includes that :term:`DDL` such as PostgreSQL SERIAL or MySQL
AUTO_INCREMENT will be emitted for this column during a table
create, as well as that the column is assumed to generate new
integer primary key values when an INSERT statement invokes which
will be retrieved by the dialect.
The flag may be set to ``True`` to indicate that a column which
is part of a composite (e.g. multi-column) primary key should
have autoincrement semantics, though note that only one column
within a primary key may have this setting. It can also
be set to ``True`` to indicate autoincrement semantics on a
column that has a client-side or server-side default configured,
however note that not all dialects can accommodate all styles
of default as an "autoincrement". It can also be
set to ``False`` on a single-column primary key that has a
datatype of INTEGER in order to disable auto increment semantics
for that column.
.. versionchanged:: 1.1 The autoincrement flag now defaults to
``"auto"`` which indicates autoincrement semantics by default
for single-column integer primary keys only; for composite
(multi-column) primary keys, autoincrement is never implicitly
enabled; as always, ``autoincrement=True`` will allow for
at most one of those columns to be an "autoincrement" column.
``autoincrement=True`` may also be set on a
:class:`_schema.Column`
that has an explicit client-side or server-side default,
subject to limitations of the backend database and dialect.
The setting *only* has an effect for columns which are:
* Integer derived (i.e. INT, SMALLINT, BIGINT).
* Part of the primary key
* Not referring to another column via :class:`_schema.ForeignKey`,
unless
the value is specified as ``'ignore_fk'``::
# turn on autoincrement for this column despite
# the ForeignKey()
Column('id', ForeignKey('other.id'),
primary_key=True, autoincrement='ignore_fk')
It is typically not desirable to have "autoincrement" enabled on a
column that refers to another via foreign key, as such a column is
required to refer to a value that originates from elsewhere.
The setting has these two effects on columns that meet the
above criteria:
* DDL issued for the column will include database-specific
keywords intended to signify this column as an
"autoincrement" column, such as AUTO INCREMENT on MySQL,
SERIAL on PostgreSQL, and IDENTITY on MS-SQL. It does
*not* issue AUTOINCREMENT for SQLite since this is a
special SQLite flag that is not required for autoincrementing
behavior.
.. seealso::
:ref:`sqlite_autoincrement`
* The column will be considered to be available using an
"autoincrement" method specific to the backend database, such
as calling upon ``cursor.lastrowid``, using RETURNING in an
INSERT statement to get at a sequence-generated value, or using
special functions such as "SELECT scope_identity()".
These methods are highly specific to the DBAPIs and databases in
use and vary greatly, so care should be taken when associating
``autoincrement=True`` with a custom default generation function.
:param default: A scalar, Python callable, or
:class:`_expression.ColumnElement` expression representing the
*default value* for this column, which will be invoked upon insert
if this column is otherwise not specified in the VALUES clause of
the insert. This is a shortcut to using :class:`.ColumnDefault` as
a positional argument; see that class for full detail on the
structure of the argument.
Contrast this argument to
:paramref:`_schema.Column.server_default`
which creates a default generator on the database side.
.. seealso::
:ref:`metadata_defaults_toplevel`
:param doc: optional String that can be used by the ORM or similar
to document attributes on the Python side. This attribute does
**not** render SQL comments; use the
:paramref:`_schema.Column.comment`
parameter for this purpose.
:param key: An optional string identifier which will identify this
``Column`` object on the :class:`_schema.Table`.
When a key is provided,
this is the only identifier referencing the ``Column`` within the
application, including ORM attribute mapping; the ``name`` field
is used only when rendering SQL.
:param index: When ``True``, indicates that a :class:`_schema.Index`
construct will be automatically generated for this
:class:`_schema.Column`, which will result in a "CREATE INDEX"
statement being emitted for the :class:`_schema.Table` when the DDL
create operation is invoked.
Using this flag is equivalent to making use of the
:class:`_schema.Index` construct explicitly at the level of the
:class:`_schema.Table` construct itself::
Table(
"some_table",
metadata,
Column("x", Integer),
Index("ix_some_table_x", "x")
)
To add the :paramref:`_schema.Index.unique` flag to the
:class:`_schema.Index`, set both the
:paramref:`_schema.Column.unique` and
:paramref:`_schema.Column.index` flags to True simultaneously,
which will have the effect of rendering the "CREATE UNIQUE INDEX"
DDL instruction instead of "CREATE INDEX".
The name of the index is generated using the
:ref:`default naming convention `
which for the :class:`_schema.Index` construct is of the form
``ix__``.
As this flag is intended only as a convenience for the common case
of adding a single-column, default configured index to a table
definition, explicit use of the :class:`_schema.Index` construct
should be preferred for most use cases, including composite indexes
that encompass more than one column, indexes with SQL expressions
or ordering, backend-specific index configuration options, and
indexes that use a specific name.
.. note:: the :attr:`_schema.Column.index` attribute on
:class:`_schema.Column`
**does not indicate** if this column is indexed or not, only
if this flag was explicitly set here. To view indexes on
a column, view the :attr:`_schema.Table.indexes` collection
or use :meth:`_reflection.Inspector.get_indexes`.
.. seealso::
:ref:`schema_indexes`
:ref:`constraint_naming_conventions`
:paramref:`_schema.Column.unique`
:param info: Optional data dictionary which will be populated into the
:attr:`.SchemaItem.info` attribute of this object.
:param nullable: When set to ``False``, will cause the "NOT NULL"
phrase to be added when generating DDL for the column. When
``True``, will normally generate nothing (in SQL this defaults to
"NULL"), except in some very specific backend-specific edge cases
where "NULL" may render explicitly. Defaults to ``True`` unless
:paramref:`_schema.Column.primary_key` is also ``True``,
in which case it
defaults to ``False``. This parameter is only used when issuing
CREATE TABLE statements.
:param onupdate: A scalar, Python callable, or
:class:`~sqlalchemy.sql.expression.ClauseElement` representing a
default value to be applied to the column within UPDATE
statements, which will be invoked upon update if this column is not
present in the SET clause of the update. This is a shortcut to
using :class:`.ColumnDefault` as a positional argument with
``for_update=True``.
.. seealso::
:ref:`metadata_defaults` - complete discussion of onupdate
:param primary_key: If ``True``, marks this column as a primary key
column. Multiple columns can have this flag set to specify
composite primary keys. As an alternative, the primary key of a
:class:`_schema.Table` can be specified via an explicit
:class:`.PrimaryKeyConstraint` object.
:param server_default: A :class:`.FetchedValue` instance, str, Unicode
or :func:`~sqlalchemy.sql.expression.text` construct representing
the DDL DEFAULT value for the column.
String types will be emitted as-is, surrounded by single quotes::
Column('x', Text, server_default="val")
x TEXT DEFAULT 'val'
A :func:`~sqlalchemy.sql.expression.text` expression will be
rendered as-is, without quotes::
Column('y', DateTime, server_default=text('NOW()'))
y DATETIME DEFAULT NOW()
Strings and text() will be converted into a
:class:`.DefaultClause` object upon initialization.
Use :class:`.FetchedValue` to indicate that an already-existing
column will generate a default value on the database side which
will be available to SQLAlchemy for post-fetch after inserts. This
construct does not specify any DDL and the implementation is left
to the database, such as via a trigger.
.. seealso::
:ref:`server_defaults` - complete discussion of server side
defaults
:param server_onupdate: A :class:`.FetchedValue` instance
representing a database-side default generation function,
such as a trigger. This
indicates to SQLAlchemy that a newly generated value will be
available after updates. This construct does not actually
implement any kind of generation function within the database,
which instead must be specified separately.
.. warning:: This directive **does not** currently produce MySQL's
"ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()" clause. See
:ref:`mysql_timestamp_onupdate` for background on how to
produce this clause.
.. seealso::
:ref:`triggered_columns`
:param quote: Force quoting of this column's name on or off,
corresponding to ``True`` or ``False``. When left at its default
of ``None``, the column identifier will be quoted according to
whether the name is case sensitive (identifiers with at least one
upper case character are treated as case sensitive), or if it's a
reserved word. This flag is only needed to force quoting of a
reserved word which is not known by the SQLAlchemy dialect.
:param unique: When ``True``, and the :paramref:`_schema.Column.index`
parameter is left at its default value of ``False``,
indicates that a :class:`_schema.UniqueConstraint`
construct will be automatically generated for this
:class:`_schema.Column`,
which will result in a "UNIQUE CONSTRAINT" clause referring
to this column being included
in the ``CREATE TABLE`` statement emitted, when the DDL create
operation for the :class:`_schema.Table` object is invoked.
When this flag is ``True`` while the
:paramref:`_schema.Column.index` parameter is simultaneously
set to ``True``, the effect instead is that a
:class:`_schema.Index` construct which includes the
:paramref:`_schema.Index.unique` parameter set to ``True``
is generated. See the documentation for
:paramref:`_schema.Column.index` for additional detail.
Using this flag is equivalent to making use of the
:class:`_schema.UniqueConstraint` construct explicitly at the
level of the :class:`_schema.Table` construct itself::
Table(
"some_table",
metadata,
Column("x", Integer),
UniqueConstraint("x")
)
The :paramref:`_schema.UniqueConstraint.name` parameter
of the unique constraint object is left at its default value
of ``None``; in the absence of a :ref:`naming convention `
for the enclosing :class:`_schema.MetaData`, the UNIQUE CONSTRAINT
construct will be emitted as unnamed, which typically invokes
a database-specific naming convention to take place.
As this flag is intended only as a convenience for the common case
of adding a single-column, default configured unique constraint to a table
definition, explicit use of the :class:`_schema.UniqueConstraint` construct
should be preferred for most use cases, including composite constraints
that encompass more than one column, backend-specific index configuration options, and
constraints that use a specific name.
.. note:: the :attr:`_schema.Column.unique` attribute on
:class:`_schema.Column`
**does not indicate** if this column has a unique constraint or
not, only if this flag was explicitly set here. To view
indexes and unique constraints that may involve this column,
view the
:attr:`_schema.Table.indexes` and/or
:attr:`_schema.Table.constraints` collections or use
:meth:`_reflection.Inspector.get_indexes` and/or
:meth:`_reflection.Inspector.get_unique_constraints`
.. seealso::
:ref:`schema_unique_constraint`
:ref:`constraint_naming_conventions`
:paramref:`_schema.Column.index`
:param system: When ``True``, indicates this is a "system" column,
that is a column which is automatically made available by the
database, and should not be included in the columns list for a
``CREATE TABLE`` statement.
For more elaborate scenarios where columns should be
conditionally rendered differently on different backends,
consider custom compilation rules for :class:`.CreateColumn`.
:param comment: Optional string that will render an SQL comment on
table creation.
.. versionadded:: 1.2 Added the
:paramref:`_schema.Column.comment`
parameter to :class:`_schema.Column`.
r Ntype_r z0May not pass name positionally and as a keyword.
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object,
e.g.::
t = Table("remote_table", metadata,
Column("remote_id", ForeignKey("main_table.id"))
)
Note that ``ForeignKey`` is only a marker object that defines
a dependency between two columns. The actual constraint
is in all cases represented by the :class:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint`
object. This object will be generated automatically when
a ``ForeignKey`` is associated with a :class:`_schema.Column` which
in turn is associated with a :class:`_schema.Table`. Conversely,
when :class:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint` is applied to a
:class:`_schema.Table`,
``ForeignKey`` markers are automatically generated to be
present on each associated :class:`_schema.Column`, which are also
associated with the constraint object.
Note that you cannot define a "composite" foreign key constraint,
that is a constraint between a grouping of multiple parent/child
columns, using ``ForeignKey`` objects. To define this grouping,
the :class:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint` object must be used, and applied
to the :class:`_schema.Table`. The associated ``ForeignKey`` objects
are created automatically.
The ``ForeignKey`` objects associated with an individual
:class:`_schema.Column`
object are available in the `foreign_keys` collection
of that column.
Further examples of foreign key configuration are in
:ref:`metadata_foreignkeys`.
foreign_keyNFc || _ t | j t j rd| _ nt | j d r | j | _ n | j | _ t | j t s t j d| j z t | j j
t j t f s!t j d| j j
z || _
d| _ || _ || _ || _ || _ || _ || _ | | _ |
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Construct a column-level FOREIGN KEY.
The :class:`_schema.ForeignKey` object when constructed generates a
:class:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint`
which is associated with the parent
:class:`_schema.Table` object's collection of constraints.
:param column: A single target column for the key relationship. A
:class:`_schema.Column` object or a column name as a string:
``tablename.columnkey`` or ``schema.tablename.columnkey``.
``columnkey`` is the ``key`` which has been assigned to the column
(defaults to the column name itself), unless ``link_to_name`` is
``True`` in which case the rendered name of the column is used.
:param name: Optional string. An in-database name for the key if
`constraint` is not provided.
:param onupdate: Optional string. If set, emit ON UPDATE when
issuing DDL for this constraint. Typical values include CASCADE,
DELETE and RESTRICT.
:param ondelete: Optional string. If set, emit ON DELETE when
issuing DDL for this constraint. Typical values include CASCADE,
DELETE and RESTRICT.
:param deferrable: Optional bool. If set, emit DEFERRABLE or NOT
DEFERRABLE when issuing DDL for this constraint.
:param initially: Optional string. If set, emit INITIALLY when
issuing DDL for this constraint.
:param link_to_name: if True, the string name given in ``column`` is
the rendered name of the referenced column, not its locally
assigned ``key``.
:param use_alter: passed to the underlying
:class:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint`
to indicate the constraint should
be generated/dropped externally from the CREATE TABLE/ DROP TABLE
statement. See :paramref:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint.use_alter`
for further description.
.. seealso::
:paramref:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint.use_alter`
:ref:`use_alter`
:param match: Optional string. If set, emit MATCH when issuing
DDL for this constraint. Typical values include SIMPLE, PARTIAL
and FULL.
:param info: Optional data dictionary which will be populated into the
:attr:`.SchemaItem.info` attribute of this object.
.. versionadded:: 1.0.0
:param \**dialect_kw: Additional keyword arguments are dialect
specific, and passed in the form ``_``. The
arguments are ultimately handled by a corresponding
:class:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint`.
See the documentation regarding
an individual dialect at :ref:`dialect_toplevel` for detail on
documented arguments.
.. versionadded:: 0.9.2
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copy procedures of :class:`_schema.Column`, :class:`_schema.Table`,
and :class:`_schema.MetaData`.
:param schema: The returned :class:`_schema.ForeignKey` will
reference the original table and column name, qualified
by the given string schema name.
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r r s r" get_referentzForeignKey.get_referent0 s ))$+666r$ c | d }| t j d| j z t | dk r| }d}n(| }| }t | dk rd | }nd}|||fS )z7parse a string-based _colspec into its component parts.r Nz,Invalid foreign key column specification: %sr r )r splitr r< r lenrr r )r= mr r r! s r" r zForeignKey._column_tokens= s
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.. versionchanged:: 0.9.0
Foreign key target column resolution now occurs as soon as both
the ForeignKey object and the remote Column to which it refers
are both associated with the same MetaData object.
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c t t | j di | t |t rt j d t j | r| | }|| _
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T011 21 4$ $ $ Xk**N1 1 1 1 1 1 1r$ r: c , e Zd ZdZ ddZdS )IdentityOptionszDefines options for a named database sequence or an identity column.
.. versionadded:: 1.3.18
.. seealso::
:class:`.Sequence`
Nc
|| _ || _ || _ || _ || _ || _ || _ || _ | | _ dS )ai Construct a :class:`.IdentityOptions` object.
See the :class:`.Sequence` documentation for a complete description
of the parameters
:param start: the starting index of the sequence.
:param increment: the increment value of the sequence.
:param minvalue: the minimum value of the sequence.
:param maxvalue: the maximum value of the sequence.
:param nominvalue: no minimum value of the sequence.
:param nomaxvalue: no maximum value of the sequence.
:param cycle: allows the sequence to wrap around when the maxvalue
or minvalue has been reached.
:param cache: optional integer value; number of future values in the
sequence which are calculated in advance.
:param order: optional boolean value; if ``True``, renders the
ORDER keyword.
name.
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nominvalue
nomaxvaluecyclecacheorder)
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Zed ZddZddZd Z xZS )r; a Represents a named database sequence.
The :class:`.Sequence` object represents the name and configurational
parameters of a database sequence. It also represents
a construct that can be "executed" by a SQLAlchemy :class:`_engine.Engine`
or :class:`_engine.Connection`,
rendering the appropriate "next value" function
for the target database and returning a result.
The :class:`.Sequence` is typically associated with a primary key column::
some_table = Table(
'some_table', metadata,
Column('id', Integer, Sequence('some_table_seq'),
primary_key=True)
)
When CREATE TABLE is emitted for the above :class:`_schema.Table`, if the
target platform supports sequences, a CREATE SEQUENCE statement will
be emitted as well. For platforms that don't support sequences,
the :class:`.Sequence` construct is ignored.
.. seealso::
:class:`.CreateSequence`
:class:`.DropSequence`
sequenceTNFc t | | t | ||||||||
|
t ||
| _ | | _ | t u r
dx| _ } n/|| |j r|j x| _ } nt | | | _ || _ t || | _
|r| | dS dS )al Construct a :class:`.Sequence` object.
:param name: the name of the sequence.
:param start: the starting index of the sequence. This value is
used when the CREATE SEQUENCE command is emitted to the database
as the value of the "START WITH" clause. If ``None``, the
clause is omitted, which on most platforms indicates a starting
value of 1.
:param increment: the increment value of the sequence. This
value is used when the CREATE SEQUENCE command is emitted to
the database as the value of the "INCREMENT BY" clause. If ``None``,
the clause is omitted, which on most platforms indicates an
increment of 1.
:param minvalue: the minimum value of the sequence. This
value is used when the CREATE SEQUENCE command is emitted to
the database as the value of the "MINVALUE" clause. If ``None``,
the clause is omitted, which on most platforms indicates a
minvalue of 1 and -2^63-1 for ascending and descending sequences,
respectively.
.. versionadded:: 1.0.7
:param maxvalue: the maximum value of the sequence. This
value is used when the CREATE SEQUENCE command is emitted to
the database as the value of the "MAXVALUE" clause. If ``None``,
the clause is omitted, which on most platforms indicates a
maxvalue of 2^63-1 and -1 for ascending and descending sequences,
respectively.
.. versionadded:: 1.0.7
:param nominvalue: no minimum value of the sequence. This
value is used when the CREATE SEQUENCE command is emitted to
the database as the value of the "NO MINVALUE" clause. If ``None``,
the clause is omitted, which on most platforms indicates a
minvalue of 1 and -2^63-1 for ascending and descending sequences,
respectively.
.. versionadded:: 1.0.7
:param nomaxvalue: no maximum value of the sequence. This
value is used when the CREATE SEQUENCE command is emitted to
the database as the value of the "NO MAXVALUE" clause. If ``None``,
the clause is omitted, which on most platforms indicates a
maxvalue of 2^63-1 and -1 for ascending and descending sequences,
respectively.
.. versionadded:: 1.0.7
:param cycle: allows the sequence to wrap around when the maxvalue
or minvalue has been reached by an ascending or descending sequence
respectively. This value is used when the CREATE SEQUENCE command
is emitted to the database as the "CYCLE" clause. If the limit is
reached, the next number generated will be the minvalue or maxvalue,
respectively. If cycle=False (the default) any calls to nextval
after the sequence has reached its maximum value will return an
error.
.. versionadded:: 1.0.7
:param schema: optional schema name for the sequence, if located
in a schema other than the default. The rules for selecting the
schema name when a :class:`_schema.MetaData`
is also present are the same
as that of :paramref:`_schema.Table.schema`.
:param cache: optional integer value; number of future values in the
sequence which are calculated in advance. Renders the CACHE keyword
understood by Oracle and PostgreSQL.
.. versionadded:: 1.1.12
:param order: optional boolean value; if ``True``, renders the
ORDER keyword, understood by Oracle, indicating the sequence is
definitively ordered. May be necessary to provide deterministic
ordering using Oracle RAC.
.. versionadded:: 1.1.12
:param optional: boolean value, when ``True``, indicates that this
:class:`.Sequence` object only needs to be explicitly generated
on backends that don't provide another way to generate primary
key identifiers. Currently, it essentially means, "don't create
this sequence on the PostgreSQL backend, where the SERIAL keyword
creates a sequence for us automatically".
:param quote: boolean value, when ``True`` or ``False``, explicitly
forces quoting of the :paramref:`_schema.Sequence.name` on or off.
When left at its default of ``None``, normal quoting rules based
on casing and reserved words take place.
:param quote_schema: Set the quoting preferences for the ``schema``
name.
:param metadata: optional :class:`_schema.MetaData` object which this
:class:`.Sequence` will be associated with. A :class:`.Sequence`
that is associated with a :class:`_schema.MetaData`
gains the following
capabilities:
* The :class:`.Sequence` will inherit the
:paramref:`_schema.MetaData.schema`
parameter specified to the target :class:`_schema.MetaData`, which
affects the production of CREATE / DROP DDL, if any.
* The :meth:`.Sequence.create` and :meth:`.Sequence.drop` methods
automatically use the engine bound to the :class:`_schema.MetaData`
object, if any.
* The :meth:`_schema.MetaData.create_all` and
:meth:`_schema.MetaData.drop_all`
methods will emit CREATE / DROP for this :class:`.Sequence`,
even if the :class:`.Sequence` is not associated with any
:class:`_schema.Table` / :class:`_schema.Column`
that's a member of this
:class:`_schema.MetaData`.
The above behaviors can only occur if the :class:`.Sequence` is
explicitly associated with the :class:`_schema.MetaData`
via this parameter.
.. seealso::
:ref:`sequence_metadata` - full discussion of the
:paramref:`.Sequence.metadata` parameter.
:param for_update: Indicates this :class:`.Sequence`, when associated
with a :class:`_schema.Column`,
should be invoked for UPDATE statements
on that column's table, rather than for INSERT statements, when
no value is otherwise present for that column in the statement.
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d Z d S ) r= a A marker for a transparent database-side default.
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to provide some automatic default for a column.
E.g.::
Column('foo', Integer, FetchedValue())
Would indicate that some trigger or default generator
will create a new value for the ``foo`` column during an
INSERT.
.. seealso::
:ref:`triggered_columns`
TFc || _ d S r' r4 r s r" r zFetchedValue.__init__# r r$ c F || j k r| S | | S r' )r5 _cloner s r" r> zFetchedValue._as_for_update& s& ( (K;;z** *r$ c | j | j }|j | j |j dd ||_ |S )Nr )r rn rS updaterr r5 )r= r5 ns r" r% zFetchedValue._clone, sS N " "4> 2 2
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s & IL% % % %+ + + . . .' ' ' ' 'r$ r= c . e Zd ZdZdZd fd Zd Z xZS )r? a> A DDL-specified DEFAULT column value.
:class:`.DefaultClause` is a :class:`.FetchedValue`
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:class:`.DefaultClause` is generated automatically
whenever the ``server_default``, ``server_onupdate`` arguments of
:class:`_schema.Column` are used. A :class:`.DefaultClause`
can be passed positionally as well.
For example, the following::
Column('foo', Integer, server_default="50")
Is equivalent to::
Column('foo', Integer, DefaultClause("50"))
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Constraintz A table-level SQL constraint.r NFc || _ || _ || _ |r|| _ || _ || _ t
j | | | dS )a Create a SQL constraint.
:param name:
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issuing DDL for this constraint.
:param initially:
Optional string. If set, emit INITIALLY when issuing DDL
for this constraint.
:param info: Optional data dictionary which will be populated into the
:attr:`.SchemaItem.info` attribute of this object.
.. versionadded:: 1.0.0
:param _create_rule:
a callable which is passed the DDLCompiler object during
compilation. Returns True or False to signal inline generation of
this Constraint.
The AddConstraint and DropConstraint DDL constructs provide
DDLElement's more comprehensive "conditional DDL" approach that is
passed a database connection when DDL is being issued. _create_rule
is instead called during any CREATE TABLE compilation, where there
may not be any transaction/connection in progress. However, it
allows conditional compilation of the constraint even for backends
which do not support addition of constraints through ALTER TABLE,
which currently includes SQLite.
_create_rule is used by some types to create constraints.
Currently, its call signature is subject to change at any time.
:param \**dialect_kw: Additional keyword arguments are dialect
specific, and passed in the form ``_``. See
the documentation regarding an individual dialect at
:ref:`dialect_toplevel` for detail on documented arguments.
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:param \*columns:
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Optional, the in-database name of this constraint.
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Optional bool. If set, emit DEFERRABLE or NOT DEFERRABLE when
issuing DDL for this constraint.
:param initially:
Optional string. If set, emit INITIALLY when issuing DDL
for this constraint.
:param \**kw: other keyword arguments including dialect-specific
arguments are propagated to the :class:`.Constraint` superclass.
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%%a(((r$ c 6 | j | S )zReturn True if this constraint contains the given column.
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which is a :class:`_expression.ColumnCollection` of
:class:`_schema.Column` objects.
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CheckConstraintzlA table- or column-level CHECK constraint.
Can be included in the definition of a Table or Column.
Tsqltextz:class:`.CheckConstraint`z$:paramref:`.CheckConstraint.sqltext`NFc
t |d | _ g } t j | j i d| j i t t | j | |||||| |d|
|| | dS dS )a Construct a CHECK constraint.
:param sqltext:
A string containing the constraint definition, which will be used
verbatim, or a SQL expression construct. If given as a string,
the object is converted to a :func:`_expression.text` object.
If the textual
string includes a colon character, escape this using a backslash::
CheckConstraint(r"foo ~ E'a(?\:b|c)d")
:param name:
Optional, the in-database name of the constraint.
:param deferrable:
Optional bool. If set, emit DEFERRABLE or NOT DEFERRABLE when
issuing DDL for this constraint.
:param initially:
Optional string. If set, emit INITIALLY when issuing DDL
for this constraint.
:param info: Optional data dictionary which will be populated into the
:attr:`.SchemaItem.info` attribute of this object.
.. versionadded:: 1.0.0
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e d Ze d Zd
ZddZdS )r a A table-level FOREIGN KEY constraint.
Defines a single column or composite FOREIGN KEY ... REFERENCES
constraint. For a no-frills, single column foreign key, adding a
:class:`_schema.ForeignKey` to the definition of a :class:`_schema.Column`
is a
shorthand equivalent for an unnamed, single column
:class:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint`.
Examples of foreign key configuration are in :ref:`metadata_foreignkeys`.
foreign_key_constraintNFc
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| _ | _ | _ | _ |
_ t t | t | k rUt t | t | k rt j
d t j
d fd|D _ t j g|R | 2t d r | j u sJ | dS dS )a- Construct a composite-capable FOREIGN KEY.
:param columns: A sequence of local column names. The named columns
must be defined and present in the parent Table. The names should
match the ``key`` given to each column (defaults to the name) unless
``link_to_name`` is True.
:param refcolumns: A sequence of foreign column names or Column
objects. The columns must all be located within the same Table.
:param name: Optional, the in-database name of the key.
:param onupdate: Optional string. If set, emit ON UPDATE when
issuing DDL for this constraint. Typical values include CASCADE,
DELETE and RESTRICT.
:param ondelete: Optional string. If set, emit ON DELETE when
issuing DDL for this constraint. Typical values include CASCADE,
DELETE and RESTRICT.
:param deferrable: Optional bool. If set, emit DEFERRABLE or NOT
DEFERRABLE when issuing DDL for this constraint.
:param initially: Optional string. If set, emit INITIALLY when
issuing DDL for this constraint.
:param link_to_name: if True, the string name given in ``column`` is
the rendered name of the referenced column, not its locally assigned
``key``.
:param use_alter: If True, do not emit the DDL for this constraint as
part of the CREATE TABLE definition. Instead, generate it via an
ALTER TABLE statement issued after the full collection of tables
have been created, and drop it via an ALTER TABLE statement before
the full collection of tables are dropped.
The use of :paramref:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint.use_alter` is
particularly geared towards the case where two or more tables
are established within a mutually-dependent foreign key constraint
relationship; however, the :meth:`_schema.MetaData.create_all` and
:meth:`_schema.MetaData.drop_all`
methods will perform this resolution
automatically, so the flag is normally not needed.
.. versionchanged:: 1.0.0 Automatic resolution of foreign key
cycles has been added, removing the need to use the
:paramref:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint.use_alter` in typical use
cases.
.. seealso::
:ref:`use_alter`
:param match: Optional string. If set, emit MATCH when issuing
DDL for this constraint. Typical values include SIMPLE, PARTIAL
and FULL.
:param info: Optional data dictionary which will be populated into the
:attr:`.SchemaItem.info` attribute of this object.
.. versionadded:: 1.0.0
:param \**dialect_kw: Additional keyword arguments are dialect
specific, and passed in the form ``_``. See
the documentation regarding an individual dialect at
:ref:`dialect_toplevel` for detail on documented arguments.
.. versionadded:: 0.9.2
)r r r rH zOForeignKeyConstraint with duplicate source column references are not supported.z_ForeignKeyConstraint number of constrained columns must match the number of referenced columns.c g | ]F}t |fj j j j j j j j d j GS )) rq r r/ r r r\ r r r )
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s' M D( ( ( (4r$ c 0 | j d j j S )al The :class:`_schema.Table` object to which this
:class:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint` references.
This is a dynamically calculated attribute which may not be available
if the constraint and/or parent table is not yet associated with
a metadata collection that contains the referred table.
.. versionadded:: 1.0.0
r )r r r* rL s r" referred_tablez#ForeignKeyConstraint.referred_table
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z ! !c*oo&9&9!*--ac2LE5## >>>4#8#8#8%%%H
" !&9&9r$ c v t | d r| j S d | j D S )a Return a list of string keys representing the local
columns in this :class:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint`.
This list is either the original string arguments sent
to the constructor of the :class:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint`,
or if the constraint has been initialized with :class:`_schema.Column`
objects, is the string ``.key`` of each element.
.. versionadded:: 1.0.0
r c d g | ]-}t |t r|j nt | .S r )r( r r+ str)r r- s r" r z4ForeignKeyConstraint.column_keys..
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xZS ) r a
A table-level PRIMARY KEY constraint.
The :class:`.PrimaryKeyConstraint` object is present automatically
on any :class:`_schema.Table` object; it is assigned a set of
:class:`_schema.Column` objects corresponding to those marked with
the :paramref:`_schema.Column.primary_key` flag::
>>> my_table = Table('mytable', metadata,
... Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True),
... Column('version_id', Integer, primary_key=True),
... Column('data', String(50))
... )
>>> my_table.primary_key
PrimaryKeyConstraint(
Column('id', Integer(), table=,
primary_key=True, nullable=False),
Column('version_id', Integer(), table=,
primary_key=True, nullable=False)
)
The primary key of a :class:`_schema.Table` can also be specified by using
a :class:`.PrimaryKeyConstraint` object explicitly; in this mode of usage,
the "name" of the constraint can also be specified, as well as other
options which may be recognized by dialects::
my_table = Table('mytable', metadata,
Column('id', Integer),
Column('version_id', Integer),
Column('data', String(50)),
PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', 'version_id',
name='mytable_pk')
)
The two styles of column-specification should generally not be mixed.
An warning is emitted if the columns present in the
:class:`.PrimaryKeyConstraint`
don't match the columns that were marked as ``primary_key=True``, if both
are present; in this case, the columns are taken strictly from the
:class:`.PrimaryKeyConstraint` declaration, and those columns otherwise
marked as ``primary_key=True`` are ignored. This behavior is intended to
be backwards compatible with previous behavior.
.. versionchanged:: 0.9.2 Using a mixture of columns within a
:class:`.PrimaryKeyConstraint` in addition to columns marked as
``primary_key=True`` now emits a warning if the lists don't match.
The ultimate behavior of ignoring those columns marked with the flag
only is currently maintained for backwards compatibility; this warning
may raise an exception in a future release.
For the use case where specific options are to be specified on the
:class:`.PrimaryKeyConstraint`, but the usual style of using
``primary_key=True`` flags is still desirable, an empty
:class:`.PrimaryKeyConstraint` may be specified, which will take on the
primary key column collection from the :class:`_schema.Table` based on the
flags::
my_table = Table('mytable', metadata,
Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True),
Column('version_id', Integer, primary_key=True),
Column('data', String(50)),
PrimaryKeyConstraint(name='mytable_pk',
mssql_clustered=True)
)
.. versionadded:: 0.9.2 an empty :class:`.PrimaryKeyConstraint` may now
be specified for the purposes of establishing keyword arguments with
the constraint, independently of the specification of "primary key"
columns within the :class:`_schema.Table` itself; columns marked as
``primary_key=True`` will be gathered into the empty constraint's
column collection.
primary_key_constraintc ~ | dd | _ t t | j |i | d S )Nr F)rr r r r r )r= r r~ r s r" r z PrimaryKeyConstraint.__init__o sC #%66*?#G#G 2"D))2GBrBBBBBr$ c
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Nc g | ] }|j | S r )r r s r" r z4PrimaryKeyConstraint._set_parent..{ s 99911=9Q999r$ zTable 'z' specifies columns r c 3 * K | ]}d |j z V dS r] r r s r" r z3PrimaryKeyConstraint._set_parent.. s( A A!fqvo A A A A A Ar$ z= as primary_key=True, not matching locally specified columns c 3 * K | ]}d |j z V dS r] r r s r" r z3PrimaryKeyConstraint._set_parent.. ( D D!fqvo D D D D D Dr$ z-; setting the current primary key columns to c 3 * K | ]}d |j z V dS r] r r s r" r z3PrimaryKeyConstraint._set_parent.. r r$ z:. This warning may become an exception in a future releaseTF)r r r r r rU r r, r r valuesr r r r r) extend)r= r* table_pksr, r s r" r z PrimaryKeyConstraint._set_parents s
"D))55e<<< D ( ( % %e&7 8 8 8 $E ! !$ ' ' '99999 L I#dl&9&9&;&;"<"<<< II JJJII A Ay A A AAAAAII D Dt| D D DDDDDII D Dt| D D DDDDD
IaaaL A AM AJJ I&&&&&r$ c |D ] }d|_
| j | t j | | | j dS )aK repopulate this :class:`.PrimaryKeyConstraint` given
a set of columns.
Existing columns in the table that are marked as primary_key=True
are maintained.
Also fires a new event.
This is basically like putting a whole new
:class:`.PrimaryKeyConstraint` object on the parent
:class:`_schema.Table` object without actually replacing the object.
The ordering of the given list of columns is also maintained; these
columns will be appended to the list of columns after any which
are already present.
TN)r r r r r _resetr9 r* )r= r r- s r" _reloadz PrimaryKeyConstraint._reload se * # #C "COO G$$$ 299$??? &&tz22222r$ c t j | | j | | j | | d S r' )r r r r r0 rU '_sa_event_column_added_to_pk_constraintrv s r" rV z PrimaryKeyConstraint._replace sM 299$??? S!!!
==dCHHHHHr$ c l | j gfd| j D z S t | j S )Nc g | ]}|u| S r r )r r, autoincs r" r z>PrimaryKeyConstraint.columns_autoinc_first.. s# L L La1G;K;K;K;K;Kr$ )r r r )r= r s @r" columns_autoinc_firstz*PrimaryKeyConstraint.columns_autoinc_first sE , 9 L L L L4< L L LL L %% %r$ c h d }t | j dk rLt | j d }|j du r ||d |S |j dv r ||d r|S d S d S d }| j D ]@}|j du r5 ||d |%t j d|j d|j d |}A|S )
Nc L | j j )t | j j t j j s$|r t j d| j d| d dS t | j t d t f s|sdS | j
|sdS | j r | j dvrdS dS )Nz Column type z on column 'z+' is not compatible with autoincrement=TrueF)T ignore_fkT)
r9 _type_affinity
issubclassr INTEGERTYPEr r< r( r* r; r+ r r0 )r- autoinc_trues r" _validate_autoinczEPrimaryKeyConstraint._autoincrement_column.._validate_autoinc s x&.j')=)L7 7. ! ++@C###O
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$
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c&7 @ ' ' u4r$ r r T)r1 r Fz=Only one Column may be marked autoincrement=True, found both r r )r r r r0 r r< r )r= r r- r s r" r z*PrimaryKeyConstraint._autoincrement_column s% 2 t| ! !t|$$Q'C D((!!#t,,,
!
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&$,,%%c4000 * ! / / #xxx 7 #&Nr$ )r] r^ r_ r` ra r r r rV rb r r rd r r# r$ s @r" r r # s G GR .NC C C C C ' ' ' ' 'B3 3 3:I I I & & X&
8 8 8 8 8 8 8r$ r c e Zd ZdZdZdS )rW a A table-level UNIQUE constraint.
Defines a single column or composite UNIQUE constraint. For a no-frills,
single column constraint, adding ``unique=True`` to the ``Column``
definition is a shorthand equivalent for an unnamed, single column
UniqueConstraint.
unique_constraintN)r] r^ r_ r` ra r r$ r" rW rW s )NNNr$ rW c N e Zd ZdZdZd Zd Zed Zd
dZ d
dZ
d Z dS ) r a A table-level INDEX.
Defines a composite (one or more column) INDEX.
E.g.::
sometable = Table("sometable", metadata,
Column("name", String(50)),
Column("address", String(100))
)
Index("some_index", sometable.c.name)
For a no-frills, single column index, adding
:class:`_schema.Column` also supports ``index=True``::
sometable = Table("sometable", metadata,
Column("name", String(50), index=True)
)
For a composite index, multiple columns can be specified::
Index("some_index", sometable.c.name, sometable.c.address)
Functional indexes are supported as well, typically by using the
:data:`.func` construct in conjunction with table-bound
:class:`_schema.Column` objects::
Index("some_index", func.lower(sometable.c.name))
An :class:`.Index` can also be manually associated with a
:class:`_schema.Table`,
either through inline declaration or using
:meth:`_schema.Table.append_constraint`. When this approach is used,
the names
of the indexed columns can be specified as strings::
Table("sometable", metadata,
Column("name", String(50)),
Column("address", String(100)),
Index("some_index", "name", "address")
)
To support functional or expression-based indexes in this form, the
:func:`_expression.text` construct may be used::
from sqlalchemy import text
Table("sometable", metadata,
Column("name", String(50)),
Column("address", String(100)),
Index("some_index", text("lower(name)"))
)
.. versionadded:: 0.9.5 the :func:`_expression.text`
construct may be used to
specify :class:`.Index` expressions, provided the :class:`.Index`
is explicitly associated with the :class:`_schema.Table`.
.. seealso::
:ref:`schema_indexes` - General information on :class:`.Index`.
:ref:`postgresql_indexes` - PostgreSQL-specific options available for
the :class:`.Index` construct.
:ref:`mysql_indexes` - MySQL-specific options available for the
:class:`.Index` construct.
:ref:`mssql_indexes` - MSSQL-specific options available for the
:class:`.Index` construct.
r c d dx| _ }g }g }| | D ]1\ }}} }
| |
| | 2|| _ t || dd | _ | dd | _ | dd } d|v r| d | _ d|v r| d }| | t j | g|R d| i || | dS dS )a Construct an index object.
:param name:
The name of the index
:param \*expressions:
Column expressions to include in the index. The expressions
are normally instances of :class:`_schema.Column`, but may also
be arbitrary SQL expressions which ultimately refer to a
:class:`_schema.Column`.
:param unique=False:
Keyword only argument; if True, create a unique index.
:param quote=None:
Keyword only argument; whether to apply quoting to the name of
the index. Works in the same manner as that of
:paramref:`_schema.Column.quote`.
:param info=None: Optional data dictionary which will be populated
into the :attr:`.SchemaItem.info` attribute of this object.
.. versionadded:: 1.0.0
:param \**kw: Additional keyword arguments not mentioned above are
dialect specific, and passed in the form
``_``. See the documentation regarding an
individual dialect at :ref:`dialect_toplevel` for detail on
documented arguments.
NrP r Fr rH r )
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| }t | t | k sJ d t || D | _ d S )NzIndex 'z' is against table 'z(', and cannot be associated with table 'r^ c F g | ] \ }}t |t r|n| S r )r( r )r r colexprs r" r z%Index._set_parent.. s?
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!$[/!B!B
r$ c | j j S )z2Return the connectable associated with this Index.)r* r rL s r" r z
Index.bind s z r$ Nc h |t | }| t j | | S )zIssue a ``CREATE`` statement for this
:class:`.Index`, using the given :class:`.Connectable`
for connectivity.
.. seealso::
:meth:`_schema.MetaData.create_all`.
r r s r" r z Index.create s4 <!$''D #-t444 r$ c h |t | }| t j | dS )zIssue a ``DROP`` statement for this
:class:`.Index`, using the given :class:`.Connectable`
for connectivity.
.. seealso::
:meth:`_schema.MetaData.drop_all`.
Nr r s r" r
z
Index.drop s5 <!$''D #+T22222r$ c dd t | j gd | j D z | j rdgpg z z S )Nz Index(%s)r c , g | ]}t | S r r )r es r" r z"Index.__repr__.. s 555q477555r$ z unique=True)r r r r r rL s r" rM zIndex.__repr__ s] IIdi !55D$45556;2M?8b:
r$ r' ) r] r^ r_ r` ra r r rb r r r
rM r r$ r" r r s I IV NB$ B$ B$H
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3 3 3 3
r$ r ixzix_%(column_0_label)sc T e Zd ZdZdZ ej d d d ZdZ d Z d Z
d
Z d Z d Z
d
Zd Zd Z ej d d Z eee Zd Zd Zed Z d dZ ej dd d Zd dZd dZdS ) MetaDataaD A collection of :class:`_schema.Table`
objects and their associated schema
constructs.
Holds a collection of :class:`_schema.Table` objects as well as
an optional binding to an :class:`_engine.Engine` or
:class:`_engine.Connection`. If bound, the :class:`_schema.Table` objects
in the collection and their columns may participate in implicit SQL
execution.
The :class:`_schema.Table` objects themselves are stored in the
:attr:`_schema.MetaData.tables` dictionary.
:class:`_schema.MetaData` is a thread-safe object for read operations.
Construction of new tables within a single :class:`_schema.MetaData`
object,
either explicitly or via reflection, may not be completely thread-safe.
.. seealso::
:ref:`metadata_describing` - Introduction to database metadata
r )z0.8zThe :paramref:`_schema.MetaData.reflect` flag is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use the :meth:`_schema.MetaData.reflect` method.)reflectNFc l t j | _ t || | _ |r|nt
| _ |r|| _ t | _ i | _
t j t | _ || _ |r,|st! j d | dS dS )a Create a new MetaData object.
:param bind:
An Engine or Connection to bind to. May also be a string or URL
instance, these are passed to :func:`_sa.create_engine` and
this :class:`_schema.MetaData` will
be bound to the resulting engine.
:param reflect:
Optional, automatically load all tables from the bound database.
Defaults to False. :paramref:`_schema.MetaData.bind` is required
when this option is set.
:param schema:
The default schema to use for the :class:`_schema.Table`,
:class:`.Sequence`, and potentially other objects associated with
this :class:`_schema.MetaData`. Defaults to ``None``.
When this value is set, any :class:`_schema.Table` or
:class:`.Sequence`
which specifies ``None`` for the schema parameter will instead
have this schema name defined. To build a :class:`_schema.Table`
or :class:`.Sequence` that still has ``None`` for the schema
even when this parameter is present, use the :attr:`.BLANK_SCHEMA`
symbol.
.. note::
As referred above, the :paramref:`_schema.MetaData.schema`
parameter
only refers to the **default value** that will be applied to
the :paramref:`_schema.Table.schema` parameter of an incoming
:class:`_schema.Table` object. It does not refer to how the
:class:`_schema.Table` is catalogued within the
:class:`_schema.MetaData`,
which remains consistent vs. a :class:`_schema.MetaData`
collection
that does not define this parameter. The
:class:`_schema.Table`
within the :class:`_schema.MetaData`
will still be keyed based on its
schema-qualified name, e.g.
``my_metadata.tables["some_schema.my_table"]``.
The current behavior of the :class:`_schema.ForeignKey`
object is to
circumvent this restriction, where it can locate a table given
the table name alone, where the schema will be assumed to be
present from this value as specified on the owning
:class:`_schema.MetaData` collection. However,
this implies that a
table qualified with BLANK_SCHEMA cannot currently be referred
to by string name from :class:`_schema.ForeignKey`.
Other parts of
SQLAlchemy such as Declarative may not have similar behaviors
built in, however may do so in a future release, along with a
consistent method of referring to a table in BLANK_SCHEMA.
.. seealso::
:paramref:`_schema.Table.schema`
:paramref:`.Sequence.schema`
:param quote_schema:
Sets the ``quote_schema`` flag for those :class:`_schema.Table`,
:class:`.Sequence`, and other objects which make usage of the
local ``schema`` name.
:param info: Optional data dictionary which will be populated into the
:attr:`.SchemaItem.info` attribute of this object.
.. versionadded:: 1.0.0
:param naming_convention: a dictionary referring to values which
will establish default naming conventions for :class:`.Constraint`
and :class:`.Index` objects, for those objects which are not given
a name explicitly.
The keys of this dictionary may be:
* a constraint or Index class, e.g. the :class:`.UniqueConstraint`,
:class:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint` class, the :class:`.Index`
class
* a string mnemonic for one of the known constraint classes;
``"fk"``, ``"pk"``, ``"ix"``, ``"ck"``, ``"uq"`` for foreign key,
primary key, index, check, and unique constraint, respectively.
* the string name of a user-defined "token" that can be used
to define new naming tokens.
The values associated with each "constraint class" or "constraint
mnemonic" key are string naming templates, such as
``"uq_%(table_name)s_%(column_0_name)s"``,
which describe how the name should be composed. The values
associated with user-defined "token" keys should be callables of the
form ``fn(constraint, table)``, which accepts the constraint/index
object and :class:`_schema.Table` as arguments, returning a string
result.
The built-in names are as follows, some of which may only be
available for certain types of constraint:
* ``%(table_name)s`` - the name of the :class:`_schema.Table`
object
associated with the constraint.
* ``%(referred_table_name)s`` - the name of the
:class:`_schema.Table`
object associated with the referencing target of a
:class:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint`.
* ``%(column_0_name)s`` - the name of the :class:`_schema.Column`
at
index position "0" within the constraint.
* ``%(column_0N_name)s`` - the name of all :class:`_schema.Column`
objects in order within the constraint, joined without a
separator.
* ``%(column_0_N_name)s`` - the name of all
:class:`_schema.Column`
objects in order within the constraint, joined with an
underscore as a separator.
* ``%(column_0_label)s``, ``%(column_0N_label)s``,
``%(column_0_N_label)s`` - the label of either the zeroth
:class:`_schema.Column` or all :class:`.Columns`, separated with
or without an underscore
* ``%(column_0_key)s``, ``%(column_0N_key)s``,
``%(column_0_N_key)s`` - the key of either the zeroth
:class:`_schema.Column` or all :class:`.Columns`, separated with
or without an underscore
* ``%(referred_column_0_name)s``, ``%(referred_column_0N_name)s``
``%(referred_column_0_N_name)s``, ``%(referred_column_0_key)s``,
``%(referred_column_0N_key)s``, ... column tokens which
render the names/keys/labels of columns that are referenced
by a :class:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint`.
* ``%(constraint_name)s`` - a special key that refers to the
existing name given to the constraint. When this key is
present, the :class:`.Constraint` object's existing name will be
replaced with one that is composed from template string that
uses this token. When this token is present, it is required that
the :class:`.Constraint` is given an explicit name ahead of time.
* user-defined: any additional token may be implemented by passing
it along with a ``fn(constraint, table)`` callable to the
naming_convention dictionary.
.. versionadded:: 1.3.0 - added new ``%(column_0N_name)s``,
``%(column_0_N_name)s``, and related tokens that produce
concatenations of names, keys, or labels for all columns referred
to by a given constraint.
.. seealso::
:ref:`constraint_naming_conventions` - for detailed usage
examples.
z8A bind must be supplied in conjunction with reflect=TrueN)r
immutabledictrs r r! DEFAULT_NAMING_CONVENTIONnaming_conventionrH r _schemasr collections defaultdictr r[ r r r< r )r= r r r! r r rH s r" r zMetaData.__init__ s n (** !&,77 !
+ *
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r$ c d| j z S )NzMetaData(bind=%r)r rL s r" rM zMetaData.__repr__ s "TY..r$ c V t |t j s|j }|| j v S r' )r( r r6 r+ rs )r= table_or_keys r" rp zMetaData.__contains__ s, ,(9:: ,'+Lt{**r$ c t || }t | j || |r | j | d S d S r' )r# dict __setitem__rs r r )r= r r! r* r+ s r" rx zMetaData._add_table sY T6** c5111 & M f % % % % % & &r$ c & t || }t | j |d }| |j D ]}| | | j r7t d | j D | _ d S d S )Nc * g | ]}|j |j S r' r )r ts r" r z*MetaData._remove_table.. s, x+ H+++r$ ) r# r rr rs r r r r r )r= r r! r+ removedrI s r" r| zMetaData._remove_table s T6**((4;T22 *
/
/((.... = ![ / / 1 1 DMMM r$ c P | j | j | j | j | j | j dS )N)rs r! schemas sequencesfk_memosr )rs r! r r r[ r rL s r" __getstate__zMetaData.__getstate__ s0 kk} !%!7
r$ c |d | _ |d | _ |d | _ d | _ |d | _ |d | _ |d | _ d S )Nrs r! r r r r )rs r! r _bindr r r[ )r= states r" __setstate__zMetaData.__setstate__ sU Ho Ho !&':!;
, i(
z*r$ c | j duS )z:True if this MetaData is bound to an Engine or Connection.Nr rL s r" is_boundzMetaData.is_bound s z%%r$ c | j S )a- An :class:`_engine.Engine` or :class:`_engine.Connection`
to which this
:class:`_schema.MetaData` is bound.
Typically, a :class:`_engine.Engine` is assigned to this attribute
so that "implicit execution" may be used, or alternatively
as a means of providing engine binding information to an
ORM :class:`.Session` object::
engine = create_engine("someurl://")
metadata.bind = engine
.. seealso::
:ref:`dbengine_implicit` - background on "bound metadata"
r rL s r" r z
MetaData.bind
s $ zr$ sqlalchemy.engine.urlc t |t j |j fz rt j | | _ dS || _ dS )z;Bind this MetaData to an Engine, Connection, string or URL.N)r( r r6 URL
sqlalchemy
create_enginer )r= urlr s r" _bind_tozMetaData._bind_to! sC dD -
: ; ; #1$77DJJJ DJJJr$ c t | j | j | j dS )z+Clear all Table objects from this MetaData.N)r clearrs r r[ rL s r" r zMetaData.clear, sF
4;
r$ c F | |j |j dS )z1Remove the given Table object from this MetaData.N)r| r r! r s r" r zMetaData.remove3 s$
5:u|44444r$ c x t j t | j d S )a Returns a list of :class:`_schema.Table` objects sorted in order of
foreign key dependency.
The sorting will place :class:`_schema.Table`
objects that have dependencies
first, before the dependencies themselves, representing the
order in which they can be created. To get the order in which
the tables would be dropped, use the ``reversed()`` Python built-in.
.. warning::
The :attr:`.MetaData.sorted_tables` attribute cannot by itself
accommodate automatic resolution of dependency cycles between
tables, which are usually caused by mutually dependent foreign key
constraints. When these cycles are detected, the foreign keys
of these tables are omitted from consideration in the sort.
A warning is emitted when this condition occurs, which will be an
exception raise in a future release. Tables which are not part
of the cycle will still be returned in dependency order.
To resolve these cycles, the
:paramref:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint.use_alter` parameter may be
applied to those constraints which create a cycle. Alternatively,
the :func:`_schema.sort_tables_and_constraints` function will
automatically return foreign key constraints in a separate
collection when cycles are detected so that they may be applied
to a schema separately.
.. versionchanged:: 1.3.17 - a warning is emitted when
:attr:`.MetaData.sorted_tables` cannot perform a proper sort
due to cyclical dependencies. This will be an exception in a
future release. Additionally, the sort will continue to return
other tables not involved in the cycle in dependency order which
was not the case previously.
.. seealso::
:func:`_schema.sort_tables`
:func:`_schema.sort_tables_and_constraints`
:attr:`_schema.MetaData.tables`
:meth:`_reflection.Inspector.get_table_names`
:meth:`_reflection.Inspector.get_sorted_table_and_fkc_names`
c | j S r' r )r s r" r z(MetaData.sorted_tables..l s qu r$ r )r sort_tablesr rs r rL s r"
sorted_tableszMetaData.sorted_tables8 s9 f 4;%%''__ = = =
r$ Tc
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|
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# t j $ r$}t j d|d| Y d}~@d}~ww xY w ddd dS # 1 swxY w Y dS )a
Load all available table definitions from the database.
Automatically creates ``Table`` entries in this ``MetaData`` for any
table available in the database but not yet present in the
``MetaData``. May be called multiple times to pick up tables recently
added to the database, however no special action is taken if a table
in this ``MetaData`` no longer exists in the database.
:param bind:
A :class:`.Connectable` used to access the database; if None, uses
the existing bind on this ``MetaData``, if any.
:param schema:
Optional, query and reflect tables from an alternate schema.
If None, the schema associated with this :class:`_schema.MetaData`
is used, if any.
:param views:
If True, also reflect views.
:param only:
Optional. Load only a sub-set of available named tables. May be
specified as a sequence of names or a callable.
If a sequence of names is provided, only those tables will be
reflected. An error is raised if a table is requested but not
available. Named tables already present in this ``MetaData`` are
ignored.
If a callable is provided, it will be used as a boolean predicate to
filter the list of potential table names. The callable is called
with a table name and this ``MetaData`` instance as positional
arguments and should return a true value for any table to reflect.
:param extend_existing: Passed along to each :class:`_schema.Table` as
:paramref:`_schema.Table.extend_existing`.
.. versionadded:: 0.9.1
:param autoload_replace: Passed along to each :class:`_schema.Table`
as
:paramref:`_schema.Table.autoload_replace`.
.. versionadded:: 0.9.1
:param resolve_fks: if True, reflect :class:`_schema.Table`
objects linked
to :class:`_schema.ForeignKey` objects located in each
:class:`_schema.Table`.
For :meth:`_schema.MetaData.reflect`,
this has the effect of reflecting
related tables that might otherwise not be in the list of tables
being reflected, for example if the referenced table is in a
different schema or is omitted via the
:paramref:`.MetaData.reflect.only` parameter. When False,
:class:`_schema.ForeignKey` objects are not followed to the
:class:`_schema.Table`
in which they link, however if the related table is also part of the
list of tables that would be reflected in any case, the
:class:`_schema.ForeignKey` object will still resolve to its related
:class:`_schema.Table` after the :meth:`_schema.MetaData.reflect`
operation is
complete. Defaults to True.
.. versionadded:: 1.3.0
.. seealso::
:paramref:`_schema.Table.resolve_fks`
:param \**dialect_kwargs: Additional keyword arguments not mentioned
above are dialect specific, and passed in the form
``_``. See the documentation regarding an
individual dialect at :ref:`dialect_toplevel` for detail on
documented arguments.
.. versionadded:: 0.9.2 - Added
:paramref:`.MetaData.reflect.**dialect_kwargs` to support
dialect-level reflection options for all :class:`_schema.Table`
objects reflected.
NT)r r rk r r r r! )r c g | ] }d |
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\ }}s|v |S r r )r r schnamecurrentrk s r" r z$MetaData.reflect.. s< %g& +2*@*@ *@*@*@r$ c > g | ]\ }}s|v | |S r r )r r r r rk onlyr= s r" r z$MetaData.reflect.. sQ %g' ,3'+A+A T4(( ,B +A+A+Ar$ c g | ]}|v| S r r )r r availables r" r z$MetaData.reflect.. s# JJJDD 4I4I44I4I4Ir$ z schema '%s'r z7Could not reflect: requested table(s) not available in z: (r r c g | ]
}s|v| S r r )r r r rk s r" r z$MetaData.reflect.. s8 & +/g*=*= *=*=*=r$ zSkipping table z: )r connectr r' r! r
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2 23 < <))'+t$#'DL s > 4A65A6c H t | j d o
| j j duS )z(True if there is a bind for this thread.r4 N)r7 r1 r4 rL s r" r z ThreadLocalMetaData.is_bound s*
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1 $D0
r$ c | j D ]&}t |d r| 'dS )z2Dispose all bound engines, in all thread contexts.disposeN)r2 r r7 r8 )r= r s r" r8 zThreadLocalMetaData.dispose sK &&(( Aq)$$
r$ )r] r^ r_ r` ra r r r r r rb r r8 r# r$ s @r" r- r- W s N4 4 4 4 46 6 6 T.//( ( 0/(" 8D( # #D
r$ r- c R e Zd ZdZdZ ej d Zd Ze d Z
dS )_SchemaTranslateMapa Provide translation of schema names based on a mapping.
Also provides helpers for producing cache keys and optimized
access when no mapping is present.
Used by the :paramref:`.Connection.execution_options.schema_translate_map`
feature.
.. versionadded:: 1.1
)r[ __call__hash_key
is_defaultr! c _ P fd}| _ d fdt t D _ d _ d S d _ j _ d _ d S )Nc ^ | }| | }|S r' )_default_schema_getterr\ )objrZ r[ r= s r" schema_for_objectz7_SchemaTranslateMap.__init__..schema_for_object s: #'#>#>s#C#C ##8$d$ $ ('r$ ;c 3 2 K | ]}|d | V dS )r Nr )r r r[ s r" r z/_SchemaTranslateMap.__init__.. sC % %+,111d1gg&% % % % % %r$ r Fr T)r[ r; r r r r< r= r@ )r= r[ rB s `` r" r z _SchemaTranslateMap.__init__ s
(
(
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(
(
( .DM HH % % % %06t0E0E0E% % % DM $DOOO DM 7DM "DOOOr$ c ` |t S t |t r|S t | S r' )_default_schema_mapr( r: )r} r[ s r" _schema_getterz"_SchemaTranslateMap._schema_getter s3 <& &
1
2
2 -K&t,, ,r$ N) r] r^ r_ r` __slots__operator
attrgetterr@ r rj rG r r$ r" r: r: sb =I 0X 0 : :# # #* - - [- - -r$ r: c X e Zd ZdZdZ eddd d d Zd Zd Zd d
Z dS ) ri a Defines a generated column, i.e. "GENERATED ALWAYS AS" syntax.
The :class:`.Computed` construct is an inline construct added to the
argument list of a :class:`_schema.Column` object::
from sqlalchemy import Computed
Table('square', meta,
Column('side', Float, nullable=False),
Column('area', Float, Computed('side * side'))
)
See the linked documentation below for complete details.
.. versionadded:: 1.3.11
.. seealso::
:ref:`computed_ddl`
computed_columnr z:class:`.Computed`z :paramref:`.Computed.sqltext`Nc N t |d | _ || _ d| _ dS )a Construct a GENERATED ALWAYS AS DDL construct to accompany a
:class:`_schema.Column`.
:param sqltext:
A string containing the column generation expression, which will be
used verbatim, or a SQL expression construct, such as a
:func:`_expression.text`
object. If given as a string, the object is converted to a
:func:`_expression.text` object.
:param persisted:
Optional, controls how this column should be persisted by the
database. Possible values are:
* ``None``, the default, it will use the default persistence
defined by the database.
* ``True``, will render ``GENERATED ALWAYS AS ... STORED``, or the
equivalent for the target database if supported.
* ``False``, will render ``GENERATED ALWAYS AS ... VIRTUAL``, or
the equivalent for the target database if supported.
Specifying ``True`` or ``False`` may raise an error when the DDL
is emitted to the target database if the database does not support
that persistence option. Leaving this parameter at its default
of ``None`` is guaranteed to succeed for all databases that support
``GENERATED ALWAYS AS``.
Tr N)r r persistedr )r= r rN s r" r zComputed.__init__ s+ @ (MMM " r$ c t |j t d t f r)t |j t d t f st j d || _ | |_ | | j _ | | j _ d S )NzPA generated column cannot specify a server_default or a server_onupdate argument) r( r+ r9 ri r, r r< r r8 r; s r" r zComputed._set_parent s !DJJ#9
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