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This module encapsulates the interface provided by the internal special
attributes (co_*, im_*, tb_*, etc.) in a friendlier fashion.
It also provides some help for examining source code and class layout.
Here are some of the useful functions provided by this module:
ismodule(), isclass(), ismethod(), isfunction(), isgeneratorfunction(),
isgenerator(), istraceback(), isframe(), iscode(), isbuiltin(),
isroutine() - check object types
getmembers() - get members of an object that satisfy a given condition
getfile(), getsourcefile(), getsource() - find an object's source code
getdoc(), getcomments() - get documentation on an object
getmodule() - determine the module that an object came from
getclasstree() - arrange classes so as to represent their hierarchy
getargvalues(), getcallargs() - get info about function arguments
getfullargspec() - same, with support for Python 3 features
formatargvalues() - format an argument spec
getouterframes(), getinnerframes() - get info about frames
currentframe() - get the current stack frame
stack(), trace() - get info about frames on the stack or in a traceback
signature() - get a Signature object for the callable
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namedtuple OrderedDictZCO_i c C s t | tjS )zReturn true if the object is a module.
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__func__ function object containing implementation of method
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MethodTyper r
r
r ismethodP s r c C s: t | st| st| r dS t| }t|do8t|d S )a Return true if the object is a method descriptor.
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This is new in Python 2.2, and, for example, is true of int.__add__.
An object passing this test has a __get__ attribute but not a __set__
attribute, but beyond that the set of attributes varies. __name__ is
usually sensible, and __doc__ often is.
Methods implemented via descriptors that also pass one of the other
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Data descriptors have a __set__ or a __delete__ attribute. Examples are
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r r s GetSetDescriptorTypec C s t | tjS )Return true if the object is a getset descriptor.
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r isgetsetdescriptor s r c C s dS )r Fr
r r
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r r s c C s t | tjS )a( Return true if the object is a user-defined function.
Function objects provide these attributes:
__doc__ documentation string
__name__ name with which this function was defined
__code__ code object containing compiled function bytecode
__defaults__ tuple of any default values for arguments
__globals__ global namespace in which this function was defined
__annotations__ dict of parameter annotations
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r r s r c C s6 t | r| j} q t| } t| s&dS t| jj|@ S )zReturn true if ``f`` is a function (or a method or functools.partial
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t | tS )zuReturn true if the object is a coroutine function.
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close raises a new GeneratorExit exception inside the
generator to terminate the iteration
gi_code code object
gi_frame frame object or possibly None once the generator has
been exhausted
gi_running set to 1 when generator is executing, 0 otherwise
next return the next item from the container
send resumes the generator and "sends" a value that becomes
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r isgenerator s r3 c C s t | tjS )z)Return true if the object is a coroutine.)r r
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r isawaitable s r: c C s t | tjS )ab Return true if the object is a traceback.
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tb_frame frame object at this level
tb_lasti index of last attempted instruction in bytecode
tb_lineno current line number in Python source code
tb_next next inner traceback object (called by this level))r r
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r
r istraceback s r< c C s t | tjS )a` Return true if the object is a frame object.
Frame objects provide these attributes:
f_back next outer frame object (this frame's caller)
f_builtins built-in namespace seen by this frame
f_code code object being executed in this frame
f_globals global namespace seen by this frame
f_lasti index of last attempted instruction in bytecode
f_lineno current line number in Python source code
f_locals local namespace seen by this frame
f_trace tracing function for this frame, or None)r r FrameTyper r
r
r isframe s r> c C s t | tjS )a Return true if the object is a code object.
Code objects provide these attributes:
co_argcount number of arguments (not including *, ** args
or keyword only arguments)
co_code string of raw compiled bytecode
co_cellvars tuple of names of cell variables
co_consts tuple of constants used in the bytecode
co_filename name of file in which this code object was created
co_firstlineno number of first line in Python source code
co_flags bitmap: 1=optimized | 2=newlocals | 4=*arg | 8=**arg
| 16=nested | 32=generator | 64=nofree | 128=coroutine
| 256=iterable_coroutine | 512=async_generator
co_freevars tuple of names of free variables
co_posonlyargcount number of positional only arguments
co_kwonlyargcount number of keyword only arguments (not including ** arg)
co_lnotab encoded mapping of line numbers to bytecode indices
co_name name with which this code object was defined
co_names tuple of names of local variables
co_nlocals number of local variables
co_stacksize virtual machine stack space required
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r
r iscode s r@ c C s t | tjS )a, Return true if the object is a built-in function or method.
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'static method' created via staticmethod()
'property' created via property()
'method' any other flavor of method or descriptor
'data' not a method
2. The class which defined this attribute (a class).
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rx c C s | j S )zHReturn tuple of base classes (including cls) in method resolution order.)__mro__)rh r
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r rV s rV stopc s| dkrdd }n fdd}| }t ||i}t }|| rx| j} t | }||ks`t||krntd|| ||< q6| S )an Get the object wrapped by *func*.
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r Y qY nX |d k r| S qd S )Nr" r __slots__)r ry r __doc__r[ r r" __name____self__rL __class__r r rB r r rk fgetr r rj r dict)r, rP docrN selfrh r slotsr
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r getsource s r c C sR g }| j tddd | D ]2}|||jf ||kr|t|| || q|S )z-Recursive helper function for getclasstree().r r rT )r] r rZ rM walktree)classeschildrenparentr_ r r
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r r s r Fc C s i }g }| D ]d}|j r^|j D ]>}||kr0g ||< ||| krJ|| | |r || kr qpq q ||kr || q |D ]}|| krv|| qvt||dS )a Arrange the given list of classes into a hierarchy of nested lists.
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'defaults' is an n-tuple of the default values of the last n parameters.
'kwonlyargs' is a list of keyword-only parameter names.
'kwonlydefaults' is a dictionary mapping names from kwonlyargs to defaults.
'annotations' is a dictionary mapping parameter names to annotations.
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r )r1 zc`formatargspec` is deprecated since Python 3.5. Use `signature` and the `Signature` object directlyr r. c s( | }| kr$|d | 7 }|S )Nz: r
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r getlineno s r FrameInfor c C s2 g }| r.| ft | | }|t| | j} q|S )zGet a list of records for a frame and all higher (calling) frames.
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r getouterframes s r c C s4 g }| r0| j ft| | }|t| | j} q|S )zGet a list of records for a traceback's frame and all lower frames.
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r getinnerframes s r c C s t tdrtdS dS )z?Return the frame of the caller or None if this is not possible. _getframer N)r r r r
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r stack s r c C s t t d | S )zCReturn a list of records for the stack below the current exception.r )r r exc_infor r
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r Y qX q|t k r|S t |dS )a Retrieve attributes without triggering dynamic lookup via the
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tS | jdkrtS | jjdkr(tS tS )a# Get current state of a generator-iterator.
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r getgeneratorlocalsr s r CORO_CREATED CORO_RUNNINGCORO_SUSPENDED CORO_CLOSEDc C s, | j r
tS | jdkrtS | jjdkr(tS tS )a& Get current state of a coroutine object.
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