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eCd% jDdhdTd ZEe
eCd$ ZFe-eCd* ZGe>> from nntplib import NNTP
>>> s = NNTP('news')
>>> resp, count, first, last, name = s.group('comp.lang.python')
>>> print('Group', name, 'has', count, 'articles, range', first, 'to', last)
Group comp.lang.python has 51 articles, range 5770 to 5821
>>> resp, subs = s.xhdr('subject', '{0}-{1}'.format(first, last))
>>> resp = s.quit()
>>>
Here 'resp' is the server response line.
Error responses are turned into exceptions.
To post an article from a file:
>>> f = open(filename, 'rb') # file containing article, including header
>>> resp = s.post(f)
>>>
For descriptions of all methods, read the comments in the code below.
Note that all arguments and return values representing article numbers
are strings, not numbers, since they are rarely used for calculations.
NFT)
decode_header)_GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUTNNTP NNTPErrorNNTPReplyErrorNNTPTemporaryErrorNNTPPermanentErrorNNTPProtocolError
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r8 d| _Y nX d S )Nr zNo response given) Exception__init__response
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__module__ __qualname____doc__r r r r r r ` s c @ s e Zd ZdZdS )r zUnexpected [123]xx replyN)r r r r r r r r r i s c @ s e Zd ZdZdS )r z
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5xx errorsN)r r r r r r r r r q s c @ s e Zd ZdZdS )r z"Response does not begin with [1-5]N)r r r r r r r r r u s c @ s e Zd ZdZdS )r
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r= c C s t t}g }x| D ]}i }|jd^}}t|}xt|D ]\} }
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n_defaultsZoverviewr9 ZfieldsZarticle_numbertokensitokenZ
field_nameZ is_metadatahr r r _parse_overview s&
rG c C s |dkr | d d }| dd
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}t | dd }|dk r|d7 }n|dk r|d7 }tj||||||S )zParse a pair of (date, time) strings, and return a datetime object.
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N F i d il iirM rN )r@ datetime)date_strtime_strZhoursZminutesZsecondsyearZmonthZdayr r r _parse_datetime s
rS c C sP t | tjsd}n
dj| }| j}|r<|d }dj|| }n dj|| }||fS )aP Format a date or datetime object as a pair of (date, time) strings
in the format required by the NEWNEWS and NEWGROUPS commands. If a
date object is passed, the time is assumed to be midnight (00h00).
The returned representation depends on the legacy flag:
* if legacy is False (the default):
date has the YYYYMMDD format and time the HHMMSS format
* if legacy is True:
date has the YYMMDD format and time the HHMMSS format.
RFC 3977 compliant servers should understand both formats; therefore,
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Z000000z({0.hour:02d}{0.minute:02d}{0.second:02d}rL z {0:02d}{1.month:02d}{1.day:02d}z {0:04d}{1.month:02d}{1.day:02d})r) rO formatrR )ZdtZlegacyrQ yrP r r r _unparse_datetime s
rV c C s |dkrt j }|j| |dS )zWrap a socket in SSL/TLS. Arguments:
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N)Zserver_hostname)sslZ_create_stdlib_contextZ wrap_socket)sockcontextZhostnamer r r _encrypt_on s rZ c @ s e Zd ZdZdZdefddZdd Zdd Zd
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dS )aS Initialize an instance. Arguments:
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- host: hostname of the server
- readermode: if true, send 'mode reader' command after
connecting.
- timeout: timeout (in seconds) used for socket connections
readermode is sometimes necessary if you are connecting to an
NNTP server on the local machine and intend to call
reader-specific commands, such as `group'. If you get
unexpected NNTPPermanentErrors, you might need to set
readermode.
r NFREADER) hostfile debugging_getrespwelcome_capsgetcapabilitiesreadermode_afterauth_setreadermodetls_on
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z_NNTPBase.__init__c C s | S )Nr )r r r r __enter__g s z_NNTPBase.__enter__c sR fdd}| rNz*y j W n ttfk
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z_NNTPBase.__exit__c C s | j rtdt| j | jS )zGet the welcome message from the server
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C s | j dkrd| _d| _y| j \}}W n ttfk
rD i | _ Y n s z,_NNTPBase._longcmdstring..)r r )r r9 r_ r| listr )r r _longcmdstring s
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X t|}|| _ |S )zqInternal: get the overview format. Queries the server if not
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_grouplist" s z_NNTPBase._grouplistc C s< i }| j d\}}x |D ]}|j ^}}|||< qW ||fS )a! Process a CAPABILITIES command. Not supported by all servers.
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z_NNTPBase.capabilities)r_ c C sb t |tjtjfs$tdj|jjt|| jdk \}}dj||}| j ||\}}|| j
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Nz LIST ACTIVE ZLIST)r r )r
group_patternr_ commandr| r r r r r T s
z_NNTPBase.listc C s t jd}| jd| \}}|jds8| jd| \}}i }x>|D ]6}|j|j }|rB|jdd\} }
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z_NNTPBase._getdescriptionsc C s | j |dS )a Get a description for a single group. If more than one
group matches ('group' is a pattern), return the first. If no
group matches, return an empty string.
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only be '215' or '285' (for xgtitle) anyway. If the response
code is needed, use the 'descriptions' method.
NOTE: This neither checks for a wildcard in 'group' nor does
it check whether the group actually exists.F)r )r r r r r descriptionz s z_NNTPBase.descriptionc C s | j |dS )z'Get descriptions for a range of groups.T)r )r r r r r descriptions s z_NNTPBase.descriptionsc C s | j d| }|jds t||j }d } }}t|}|dkr|d }|dkr|d }|dkr|d }|dkr|d j }|t|t|t||fS )a Process a GROUP command. Argument:
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Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
- count: number of articles
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- last: last article number
- name: the group name
zGROUP r r r1 rI r rJ )r rB r r? r7 r3 r@ )r r: r| wordscountr" r! nr r r r s
z_NNTPBase.groupc C s | j d|S )a Process a HELP command. Argument:
- file: Filename string or file object to store the result in
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
- list: list of strings returned by the server in response to the
HELP command
ZHELP)r )r r_ r r r help s z_NNTPBase.helpc C s8 |j dst||j }t|d }|d }|||fS )z_Internal: parse the response line of a STAT, NEXT, LAST,
ARTICLE, HEAD or BODY command.Z22r1 rI )rB r r? r@ )r r| r art_numr% r r r
_statparse s
z_NNTPBase._statparsec C s | j |}| j|S )z/Internal: process a STAT, NEXT or LAST command.)r r )r r9 r| r r r _statcmd s
z_NNTPBase._statcmdc C s" |r| j dj|S | j dS dS )a( Process a STAT command. Argument:
- message_spec: article number or message id (if not specified,
the current article is selected)
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
- art_num: the article number
- message_id: the message id
zSTAT {0}ZSTATN)r rT )r message_specr r r stat s z_NNTPBase.statc C s
| j dS )z;Process a NEXT command. No arguments. Return as for STAT.ZNEXT)r )r r r r next s z_NNTPBase.nextc C s
| j dS )z;Process a LAST command. No arguments. Return as for STAT.ZLAST)r )r r r r r! s z_NNTPBase.lastc C s0 | j ||\}}| j|\}}}|t|||fS )z2Internal: process a HEAD, BODY or ARTICLE command.)r r r$ )r r9 r_ r| r r r% r r r _artcmd s z_NNTPBase._artcmdc C s$ |dk rdj |}nd}| j||S )a0 Process a HEAD command. Argument:
- message_spec: article number or message id
- file: filename string or file object to store the headers in
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
- ArticleInfo: (article number, message id, list of header lines)
NzHEAD {0}ZHEAD)rT r )r r r_ r r r r head s z_NNTPBase.headc C s$ |dk rdj |}nd}| j||S )a+ Process a BODY command. Argument:
- message_spec: article number or message id
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Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
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NzBODY {0}ZBODY)rT r )r r r_ r r r r body s z_NNTPBase.bodyc C s$ |dk rdj |}nd}| j||S )a5 Process an ARTICLE command. Argument:
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Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
- ArticleInfo: (article number, message id, list of article lines)
Nz ARTICLE {0}ZARTICLE)rT r )r r r_ r r r r article s z_NNTPBase.articlec C s
| j dS )zYProcess a SLAVE command. Returns:
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ZSLAVE)r )r r r r slave s z_NNTPBase.slavec sD t jd | jdj|||\}} fdd|fdd|D fS )ai Process an XHDR command (optional server extension). Arguments:
- hdr: the header type (e.g. 'subject')
- str: an article nr, a message id, or a range nr1-nr2
- file: Filename string or file object to store the result in
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
- list: list of (nr, value) strings
z^([0-9]+) ?(.*)
?z XHDR {0} {1}c s j | }|r|jddS | S )Nr1 rI )r r )r9 m)patr r
remove_number s
z%_NNTPBase.xhdr..remove_numberc s g | ] } |qS r r )r r9 )r r r r s z"_NNTPBase.xhdr..)r r r rT )r Zhdrr r_ r| r r )r r r xhdr
s
z_NNTPBase.xhdrc C s. | j dj|||\}}| j }|t||fS )aF Process an XOVER command (optional server extension) Arguments:
- start: start of range
- end: end of range
- file: Filename string or file object to store the result in
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
- list: list of dicts containing the response fields
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XOVER {0}-{1})r rT r rG )r startendr_ r| r r8 r r r xover s
z_NNTPBase.xoverc C sx d| j krdnd}t|ttfr>|\}}|dj||p6d7 }n|dk rR|d | }| j||\}}| j }|t||fS )a Process an OVER command. If the command isn't supported, fall
back to XOVER. Arguments:
- message_spec:
- either a message id, indicating the article to fetch
information about
- or a (start, end) tuple, indicating a range of article numbers;
if end is None, information up to the newest message will be
retrieved
- or None, indicating the current article number must be used
- file: Filename string or file object to store the result in
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
- list: list of dicts containing the response fields
NOTE: the "message id" form isn't supported by XOVER
ZOVERZXOVERz {0}-{1}r' Nrw )rc r) tupler rT r r rG ) r r r_ r r r r| r r8 r r r over( s z_NNTPBase.overc C sj t jdtd tjd}| jd| |\}}g }x0|D ](}|j|j }|r6|j|j dd q6W ||fS )zProcess an XGTITLE command (optional server extension) Arguments:
- group: group name wildcard (i.e. news.*)
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- list: list of (name,title) stringszFThe XGTITLE extension is not actively used, use descriptions() insteadrI z^([^ ]+)[ ]+(.*)$zXGTITLE r1 )
warningswarnDeprecationWarningr r r r r r* r ) r r r_ r r| Z raw_linesr r r r r r xgtitleC s
z_NNTPBase.xgtitlec C sj t jdtd | jdj|}|jds0t|y|j \}}W n tk
r\ t|Y n
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- id: Message id of article
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ValueError)r idr| Zresp_numpathr r r xpathU s
z_NNTPBase.xpathc C sb | j d}|jds t||j }t|dkr8t||d }t|dkrTt||t|dfS )zProcess the DATE command.
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
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ZDATEZ111rI r1 N)r rB r r? r7 r
rS )r r| elemr r r r r i s
z_NNTPBase.datec C s | j |}|jds t|t|ttfr2|j }xB|D ]:}|jtsT|j dt }|jdrfd| }| j
j | q8W | j
j d | j
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r s .
)r rB r r) r bytearray
splitlinesendswithr rstripr_ r r ra )r r fr| r9 r r r _postz s
z_NNTPBase._postc C s | j d|S )zProcess a POST command. Arguments:
- data: bytes object, iterable or file containing the article
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- resp: server response if successfulZPOST)r )r datar r r post s z_NNTPBase.postc C s | j dj||S )a Process an IHAVE command. Arguments:
- message_id: message-id of the article
- data: file containing the article
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
Note that if the server refuses the article an exception is raised.z IHAVE {0})r rT )r r% r r r r ihave s z_NNTPBase.ihavec C s | j j | ` d S )N)r_ r )r r r r rq s
z_NNTPBase._closec
C s z| j d}W d| j X |S )zdProcess a QUIT command and close the socket. Returns:
- resp: server response if successfulZQUITN)r rq )r r| r r r rn s
z_NNTPBase.quitc C s | j rtd| r"| r"tdy>|r^| r^dd l}|j }|j| j}|r^|d }|d }W n tk
rt Y nX |s~d S | jd| }|jdr|st|n | jd| }|jdst |d | _
| j | j rd | j
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NzAlready logged in.z7At least one of `user` and `usenetrc` must be specifiedr rI zauthinfo user Z381zauthinfo pass Z281r] )rh r netrcZauthenticatorsr^ ro r rB r r rc rd re rf )r userpasswordusenetrcr Z credentialsZauthr| r r r login s<
z_NNTPBase.loginc C s` y| j d| _W nJ tk
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rZ } z |jjdrHd| _n W Y d d }~X nX d S )Nz mode readerZ480T)r rb r r r
rB re )r er r r rf s z_NNTPBase._setreadermodec C s| | j rtd| jr td| jd}|jdrp| jj t| j|| j | _| jj
d| _d| _ d| _ | j nt
ddS ) zzProcess a STARTTLS command. Arguments:
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zTLS is already enabled.z+TLS cannot be started after authentication.STARTTLSZ382rwbTNzTLS failed to start.)rg r rh r rB r_ r rZ rX r^ makefilerc rd r )r rY r| r r r starttls s
z_NNTPBase.starttls)T)N)N)N)N)N)N)N)N)N)NNT)N)9r r r r r r r rk rr ru rd r debugr r r ra r r r r r r ry r r r r r r r r r r r r r! r r r r r r r r r r r r r r rq rn r rf _have_sslr r r r r r[ ( sj
.
.
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r[ c @ s* e Zd ZeddddefddZdd ZdS )r NFc C s || _ || _tj||f|| _d}y8| jjd}tj| |||| |sJ|rX| j||| W n$ |rn|j | jj Y nX dS )a, Initialize an instance. Arguments:
- host: hostname to connect to
- port: port to connect to (default the standard NNTP port)
- user: username to authenticate with
- password: password to use with username
- readermode: if true, send 'mode reader' command after
connecting.
- usenetrc: allow loading username and password from ~/.netrc file
if not specified explicitly
- timeout: timeout (in seconds) used for socket connections
readermode is sometimes necessary if you are connecting to an
NNTP server on the local machine and intend to call
reader-specific commands, such as `group'. If you get
unexpected NNTPPermanentErrors, you might need to set
readermode.
Nr )
r^ portsocketcreate_connectionrX r r[ r r r ) r r^ r r r ri r rj r_ r r r r s
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C s zt j| W d | jj X d S )N)r[ rq rX r )r r r r rq ! s z NNTP._close)r r r NNTP_PORTr r rq r r r r r s "c @ s, e Zd ZedddddefddZdd ZdS )NNTP_SSLNFc
C s t j||f|| _d} yJt| j||| _| jjd} tj| | |||d |sP|r^| j||| W n$ | rt| j | jj Y nX dS )zThis works identically to NNTP.__init__, except for the change
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r __main__zJ nntplib built-in demo - display the latest articles in a newsgroup)r z-gz--groupzgmane.comp.python.generalz3group to fetch messages from (default: %(default)s))defaultr z-sz--serverznews.gmane.orgz+NNTP server hostname (default: %(default)s)z-pz--portr1 z#NNTP port number (default: %s / %s))r typer z-nz
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